Skip to main content

Firm Level Investment and R&D in France and the United States: A Comparison

  • Conference paper
Investing Today for the World of Tomorrow

Abstract

Recent theoretical and empirical literature on firm-level investment has focused on the role of financial factors and liquidity on the investment decision, partly in an attempt to understand why these factors appear to have as much influence as they do on investment (see Schiantarelli, 1996, and Hubbard, 1998, for two recent surveys of this literature). An open and somewhat contentious question remains whether these financial factors are proxying for demand shocks or whether their presence in the investment equation indicates that firms are subject to liquidity constraints or an inability to finance all their desired investments.1

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahn, S.C. and P. Schmidt. 1995. Efficient Estimation of Models for Dynamic Panel Data. Journal of Econometrics, 68, pp. 5–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arellano, M. and S.R. Bond. 1991. Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations. Review of Economic Studies, 58, pp. 277–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arellano, M. and O. Bover. 1995. Another Look at the Instrumental-Variable Estimation of Error-Components Models. Journal of Econometrics, 68, pp. 29–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balestra, P. and M. Nerlove. 1966. Pooling Cross-section and Time-series Data in the Estimation of a Dynamic Model. Econometrica, 34, pp. 585–612.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berger, A.N. and G.F. Udell. 1998. The Economics of Small Business Finance: The Roles of Private Equity and Debt Markets in the Financial Growth Cycles, Journal of Banking and Finance, 22(6-8), pp. 613–673.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blundell, R. and S.R. Bond. 1998. Initial Conditions and Moment Restrictions in Dynamic Panel Data Models. Journal of Econometrics, 87, pp. 115–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bond, S.R., J.A. Elston, J. Mairesse, and B. Mulkay. 1997. Financial Factors and Investment in Belgium, France, Germany, and the UK: A Comparison Using Company Panel Data. National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 5900.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bond, S.R., D. Harhoff, and J. Van Reenen. 1998. Investment, R&D, and Financial Constraints in Britain and Germany. Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, and ZEW, Mannheim, photocopied.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crepon, B. and J. Mairesse. 1995. The Chamberlain Approach to Panel Data. In L. Matyas and P. Sevestre eds., The Econometrics of Panel Data: A Handbook of Theory with Applications (Chapter 14). Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 321–391.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bound, J., D.A. Jaeger, and R.M. Baker. 1995. Problems With Instrumental Variables Estimation When the Correlation Between the Instruments and the Endogenous Explanatory Variable is Weak. Journalof the American Statistical Association, 90(430), pp. 443–450.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, G. 1982. Multivariate Regression Models for Panel Data. Journal of Econometrics, 18, pp. 5–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, R. and J. MacKinnon. 1993. Estimation and Inference in Econometrics, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisner, R. 1978. Cross-section and Time Series Estimates of Investment Functions. Annales de l’INSEE, 30/31, pp. 99–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fazzari, S., G. Hubbard, and B. Petersen. 2000. Investment Cash-Flow Sensitivities Are Useful: A Comment on Kaplan and Zingales. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 65(2), pp. 695–706.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griliches, Z. and J.A. Hausman. 1986. Errors in Variables in Panel Data. Journal of Econometrics, 31, pp. 93–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griliches, Z. and J. Mairesse. 1998. Production Functions: The Search for Identification, in S. Ström ed., Econometrics and Economic Theory in the 20th Century: The Ragnar Frish Centennial Symposium. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 169–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Also in Z. Griliches. 1998. Practising Econometrics: Essays in Method and Application. London: Edward Elgar, pp. 383–411.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, A.R., G.D. Rudebusch, and D.W. Wilcox. 1996. Judging Instrument Relevance in Instrumental Variables Estimation. International Economic Review, 37(2), pp. 283–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, B.H. 1992. Investment and Research and Development at the Firm Level: Does the Source of Financing Matter? National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 4096.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, B.H., J. Mairesse, L. Branstetter, and B. Crépon. 1999. Does Cash Flow Cause Investment and R&D: An Exploration Using Panel Data for French, Japanese, and United States Scientific Firms. In D. Audretsch and R. Thurik, eds., Innovation, Industry Evolution, and Employment. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 129–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, B.H. and C. Cummins. 1999. TSP User’s Guide. Palo Alto: TSP International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, L.P. 1982. Large Sample Properties of Generalized Method of Moments Estimators. Econometrica, 50, pp. 1029–1054.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harhoff, D. 1997. Are There Financing Constraints for R&D and Investment in German Manufacturing Firms. Annales d’Economie et de Statistiques, 49/50, pp. 421–456.

    Google Scholar 

  • Himmelberg, C. and B. Petersen. 1994. R&D and Internal Finance: A Panel Study of Small Firms in High-Tech Industries. Review of Economics and Statistics, 76(1), pp. 38–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendry, D., A. Pagan, and D. Sargan. 1984. Dynamic Specification. In Z. Griliches and M. D. Intriligator, eds., Handbook of Econometrics (Vol. II). Amsterdam:. North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hubbard, R.G. 1998. Capital-Market Imperfections and Investments, Journal of Economic Literature, 36, pp. 193–225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, S.N. and L. Zingales. 1997. Do Investment Cash-Flow Sensitivities Provide Useful Measures of Financing Constraints? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 62(1), pp. 169–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, S.N. and L. Zingales. 2000. Investment Cash-Flow Sensitivities Are not Valid Measures of Financing Constraints Quarterly Journal of Economics, 65(2), pp. 707–712.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, J.-P. and B. Mulkay. 1990. Investment in a Disequilibrium Model or Does Profitability Really Matter? In J. Jaskold-Gabszewicz, J.-F. Richard and L.A. Wolsey, eds., Economic Decision-Making: Games, Econometrics and Optimisation. Contributions in Honour of Jacques H. Drèze. Amsterdam:. North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mairesse, J. and B.H. Hall. 1996. Estimating the Productivity of Research and Development in French and United States Manufacturing Firms: An Exploration of Simultaneity Issues with GMM. In B. vanArk, B. and K. Wagner, eds., International Productivity Differences, Measurement, and Explanations. Amsterdam: Elsevier-North Holland, pp. 285–315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mairesse, J., B.H. Hall, and B. Mulkay. 1999. Firm-Level Investment in France and the United States: An Exploration of What We Have Learned in Twenty Years. Annales d’Economie et de Statistiques, 55-56, pp. 27–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malinvaud, E. 1987. Capital productif, incertitude et profitabilité. Annales d’Economie et Statistiques, 5, pp. 1–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, C.R. and R. Startz. 1990. The Distribution of the Instrumental Variables Estimators and its t-Ratio When the Instrument is a Poor One. Journal of Business, 63, pp. S125–S140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nickell, S. 1981. Biases in Dynamic models with Fixed Effects. Econometrica, 49, pp. 1399–1416.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oudiz, G. 1978. Investment Behavior of French Industrial Firms: A Study on Longitudinal Data. Annales de l’INSEE, 30/31, pp. 511–541.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Mulkay, B., Hall, B.H., Mairesse, J. (2001). Firm Level Investment and R&D in France and the United States: A Comparison. In: Bundesbank, D. (eds) Investing Today for the World of Tomorrow. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56601-1_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56601-1_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62523-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-56601-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics