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Competitive Bioturbators on Intertidal Sand Flats in the European Wadden Sea and Ariake Sound in Japan

  • Chapter
Ecological Comparisons of Sedimentary Shores

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 151))

Abstract

Distribution patterns and changes in abundance of macrozoobenthic species on intertidal sand flats have often been interpreted in terms of the physical environment, such as tidal level, sediment composition and salinity. More recently, however, biotic interactions have been recognised to be a significant structuring force for intertidal sand flat communities (Reise 1985; Posey 1987). There are several kinds of biotic interactions (Arthur and Mitchell 1989). The most frequently studied is competition (mainly for food), a - - interaction where there are effects on both species. The reverse of competition is mutualism, in which both species profit from the interaction (+ +); this is, however, not often observed on intertidal sand flats. The other often observed interaction is predation, which is a + - interaction, termed contramensalism by Arthur and Mitchell (1989). In this case, only one species benefits. In addition to these interactions in which both species are influenced, there are also interactions in which only one species is influenced. This could be either commensalism (+ 0 interaction) or amensalism (- 0 interaction). For this type of interaction the size of the animals often determines the outcome of the interaction (Wilson 1981). An example of this is the mobility-mode hypothesis of Posey (1987), which states that dense aggregations of large organisms or those with strong sedimentary effects may exclude smaller species through modifications related to their mobility type.

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Authors
  1. E. Flach
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  2. A. Tamaki
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Wattenmeerstation Sylt, 25992, List, Germany

    Karsten Reise

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Flach, E., Tamaki, A. (2001). Competitive Bioturbators on Intertidal Sand Flats in the European Wadden Sea and Ariake Sound in Japan. In: Reise, K. (eds) Ecological Comparisons of Sedimentary Shores. Ecological Studies, vol 151. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56557-1_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56557-1_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62517-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-56557-1

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