Abstract
The performance of a fibre-optic communication system is essentially determined by the specific features of the transmitters applied to the conversion of the electrical data stream into optical signals. Semiconductor lasers are attractive coherent light sources for this purpose which combine excellent modulation properties, high efficiency and reliability with compact size enabling good fibre coupling and integration.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
H. Kogelnik and C.V. Shank, “Coupled-Wave Theory of Distributed Feedback Lasers,” J. Appl. Phys. 43, 2327 (1972)
G. Björk and O. Nilsson, “A new exact and efficient numerical matrix theory of complicated laser structures: properties of asymmetric phase-shifted DFB lasers,” J. Lightwave Techn. 5, 140 (1987)
H.E. Lassen, H. Wenzel, and B. Tromborg, “Influence of series resistance on modulation responses of DFB lasers,” Electron. Lett. 29, 1124 (1993)
U. Bandelow, R. Schatz, and H.-J. Wünsche, “A correct single-mode photon rate equation for multi-section lasers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8, 614 (1996)
J.E. Bowers and M.A. Pollack, “Semiconductor lasers for telecommunications,” in Optical Fibre Telecommunications II (S.E. Miller and LP. Kaminov, eds.), (Academic Press, San Diego 1988) p. 512
S. Asada, “Waveguiding effect on modal gain in optical waveguide devices,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 884 (1991)
H. Hillmer, K. Magari, and Y. Suzuki, “Chirped gratings for DFB laser diodes using bent waveguides,” IEEE J. Photonics Technol. Lett. 5, 10 (1993)
B. Zee, “Broadening mechanism in semiconductor (GaAs) lasers: limitations to single mode power emission,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE 14, 727 (1978)
R.H. Yan, S.W. Corzine, L.A. Coldren, and J. Suemune, “Corrections to the expression for gain in GaAs,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 213 (1990)
N. Schunk and K. Petermann, “Numerical analysis of the feedback regimes for a single-mode semiconductor laser with external feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 24, 1242 (1988)
D.-S. Seo, J.-D. Park, J. Mclnerney, and M. Osinski, “Multiple feedback effects in asymmetric external cavity semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 2229 (1989)
Y. Tohmori, Y. Yoshikuni, H. Ishii, F. Kano, T. Tamamura, and Y. Kondo, “Over 100 nm wavelength tuning in superstructure grating (SSG) DBR lasers,” Electron. Lett. 29, 352 (1993)
B. Borchert, B. Stegmüller, and R. Gessner, “Fabrication and characteristics of improved strained quantum-well GalnAlAs gain-coupled DFB lasers,” Electron. Lett. 29, 210 (1993)
Y. Nakano, Y. Luo, and K. Tada, “Facet reflection independent, single longitudinal mode oscillation in a GaAlAs/GaAs distributed feedback laser equipped with a gain-coupling mechanism,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 1606 (1989)
C. Kazmierski, D. Robein, D. Mathoorasing, A. Ougazzaden, and M. Filoche, “1.5μm DFB laser with new current-induced gain gratings,” IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 1, 371 (1995)
M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, (Pergamon Press, Oxford) p. 50
S. Hansmann, “Transfer matrix analysis of the spectral properties of complex distributed feedback laser structures,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28, 2589 (1992)
J.E.A. Whiteaway, B. Garrett, and G.H.B. Thompson, “The static and dynamic characteristics of single and multiple phase-shifted DFB laser structures,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28, 1277 (1992)
M. Okai, M. Suzuki, and T. Taniwatari, “Strained multiquantum-well corrugation-pitch-modulated distributed feedback laser with ultranarrow (3.6 kHz) spectral linewidth,” Electron. Lett. 29, 1696 (1993)
A. Talneau, J. Charil, A. Ougazzaden, and J.C. Bouley, “High-power operation of phase-shifted DFB lasers with amplitude-modulated coupling coefficient,” Electron. Lett. 28, 1395 (1992)
Y. Kotaki, M. Matsuda, T. Fujii, and H. Ishikawa, “MQW-DFB lasers with nonuniform-depth λ/4-shifted grating,” 17th European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC’ 91), Paris, p. 137
S. Hansmann, H. Hillmer, H. Walter, H. Burkhard, B. Hübner, and E. Kuphal, “Variation of coupling coefficients by sampled gratings in complex coupled distributed feedback lasers,” IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 1, 341 (1995)
M. Usami and S. Akiba, “Suppression of longitudinal spatial hole-burning effect in λ/4-shifted DFB lasers by nonuniform current distribution,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1245 (1989)
H. Soda, Y. Kotaki, H. Sudo, H. Ishikawa, S. Yamakoshi, and H. Imai, “Stability in single longitudinal mode operation in GalnAsP/InP phase-adjusted DFB lasers”, IEEE. J. Quantum Electron. 23, 804 (1987)
Y. Arakawa and A. Yariv, “Quantum well lasers — gain, spectra, dynamics,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 22, 1887 (1986)
J. Manning, R. Olshansky, D.M. Eye, and W. Powazinik, “Strong influence of nonlinear gain on spectral and dynamic characteristics of InGaAsP lasers,” Electron. Lett. 21, 496 (1985)
L.F. Tiemeijer, P.J.A. Thijs, P.J. de Waard, J.J.M. Binsma, and T. v. Dongen, “Dependence of polarization, gain, linewidth enhancement factor, and K factor on the sign of the strain of InGaAs/InP strained-layer multiquantum well lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 2738 (1991)
H. Burkhard and E. Kuphal, “InGaAsP/InP mushroom stripe lasers with low cw threshold and high output power,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 22, L721 (1983)
P.W.A. Mcllroy, A. Kurobe, Y. Uematsu, “Analysis and appHcation of theoretical gain curves to the design of multi-quantum-well lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 21, 1958 (1985)
C.H. Henry, “Theory of spontaneous emission noise in open resonators and its apphcation to lasers and optical amplifiers,” J. Lightwave Technol. 4, 288 (1986)
K. Petermann, Laser Diode Modulation and Noise, (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1988)
T. Matsuoka, H. Nagai, Y. Noguchi, Y. Suzuki, and Y. Kawaguchi, “Effect of grating phase at the cleaved facet on DFB laser properties,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 23, 138 (1984)
M.-C. Amann, S. Illek, C. Schanen, and W. Thulke, “Tunable twin-guide laser: a novel laser diode with improved tuning performance,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 54, 2532 (1989)
B. Tromborg, H. Olesen, and X. Pan, “Theory of linewidth for multielectrode laser diodes with spatially distributed noise sources,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 178 (1991)
L.D. Westbrook and B. Eng, “Measurements of dg/dN and dn/dN and their dependence on photon energy in λ = 1.5 μm InGaAsP laser diodes,” IEEE Proc. J. 133, 135 (1986)
M. Akbari, H.J. Schöll, G. Faby, and H. Burkhard, “Very fast computation of dynamic characteristics of injection-locked DFB-laser diodes for optical system applications,” Digest International Conference on Semiconductor and Integrated Optoelectronics, SIOE, Cardiff, UK, p. 24 (1997)
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Burkhard, H., Hansmann, S. (2001). Transmitters. In: Grote, N., Venghaus, H. (eds) Fibre Optic Communication Devices. Springer Series in Photonics, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56466-6_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56466-6_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63124-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-56466-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive