Abstract
Quality requirements, like security requirements, are difficult to elicit, especially if they cross multiple domains. Understanding these domains is an important issue in the requirements engineering process for the corresponding systems. Well-known requirements engineering approaches, such as goal-oriented techniques provide a good starting point in capturing security requirements in the form of soft-goals in the early stage of the software engineering process. However, such approaches are not sufficient for context and problem analysis. On the other hand, the context and problem modeling approaches like e.g., problem frames, do not address the system goals. Integrating the relevant context knowledge into goal models is a promising approach to address the mutual limitations. In this paper, we propose a framework for combining goal models and problem frames. The framework makes it possible to document the goals of the system together with the corresponding knowledge of the system’s context. Furthermore, it supports the process of refining (soft-) goals right up to the elicitation of corresponding security requirements. To show the applicability of our approach, we illustrate its application on a real-life case study concerning Smart Grids.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nuseibeh, B., Easterbrook, S.: Requirements engineering: a roadmap. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE) on The Future of Software Engineering, pp. 35–46. ACM (2000)
Bass, L., Clements, P., Kazman, R.: Software Architecture in Practice. SEI Series in Software Engineering. Addison Wesley (2003)
Gross, D., Yu, E.: From Non-Functional Requirements to Design through Patterns. Requirements Engineering 6(1), 18–36 (2001), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007660170013
Liu, L., Yu, E.: From Requirements to Architectural Design - Using Goals and Scenarios. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop From Software Requirements to Architectures (SREAW). IEEE Computer Society (2001)
Rolland, C., Souveyet, C., Achour, C.: Guiding goal modeling using scenarios. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 24(12), 1055–1071 (1998)
Jackson, M.: Problem Frames. Analyzing and structuring software development problems. Addison-Wesley (2001)
Yang, J., Liu, L.: Modelling requirements patterns with a goal and pf integrated analysis approach. In: Proceedings of 32nd Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Software and Applications (COMPSAC), pp. 239–246. IEEE Computer Society (2008)
Hall, J.G., Rapanotti, L., Jackson, M.: Problem frame semantics for software development. Software & Systems Modeling 4(2), 189–198 (2005)
Harel, D., Thiagarajan, P.S.: Message Sequence Charts. In: UML for Real: Design of Embedded Real-Time Systems, pp. 77–105. Kluwer Academic Publishers (2003)
Hatebur, D., Heisel, M.: A UML profile for requirements analysis of dependable software. In: Schoitsch, E. (ed.) SAFECOMP 2010. LNCS, vol. 6351, pp. 317–331. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Côté, I., Hatebur, D., Heisel, M., Schmidt, H.: UML4PF – a tool for problem-oriented requirements analysis. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Requirements Engineering (RE), pp. 349–350. IEEE Computer Society (2011)
Pohl, K.: Requirement Engineering: Fundamentals, Principles, and Techniques. Springer (2010)
van Lamsweerde, A.: Goal-oriented requirements engineering: a guided tour. In: Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering (RE), pp. 249–262. IEEE Computer Society (2001)
Yu, E.: Towards modelling and reasoning support for early-phase requirements engineering. In: Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering (RE), pp. 226–235 (1997)
Nakatani, T., Tsumaki, T., Tamai, T.: Instructional Design of a Requirements Engineering Education Course for Professional Engineers. In: Tsihrintzis, G.A., Jain, L.C. (eds.) Multimedia Services in Intelligent Environments. SIST, vol. 3, pp. 119–151. Springer, Heidelberg (2010), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13396-1_6
Tsumaki, T., Tamai, T.: A Framework for Matching Requirements Engineering Techniques to Project Characteristics and Situation Changes. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Situational Requirements Engineering Processes (SREP). IEEE Computer Society (2005)
Jackson, M.: Problem frames and software engineering. Information and Software Technology 47(14), 903–912 (2005)
Cox, K., Hall, J.G., Rapanotti, L.: A roadmap of problem frames research. Information and Software Technology 47(14), 891–902 (2005)
Kreutzmann, H., Vollmer, S., Tekampe, N., Abromeit, A.: Protection profile for the gateway of a smart metering system. BSI. Tech. Rep. (2011)
Requirements of AMI, OPEN meter project. Tech. Rep. (2009)
Alebrahim, A., Hatebur, D., Heisel, M.: Towards Systematic Integration of Quality Requirements into Software Architecture. In: Crnkovic, I., Gruhn, V., Book, M. (eds.) ECSA 2011. LNCS, vol. 6903, pp. 17–25. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Choppy, C., Hatebur, D., Heisel, M.: Architectural Patterns for Problem Frames. In: IEE Proceedings – Software, Special issue on Relating Software Requirements and Architecture (2005)
Del Bianco, V., Lavazza, L.: Enhancing problem frames with scenarios and histories in uml-based software development. Expert Systems 25(1), 28–53 (2008), http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2008.00455.x
Del Bianco, V., Lavazza, L.: Enhancing problem frames with scenarios and histories: a preliminary study. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Advances and Applications of Problem Frames (IWAAPF), pp. 25–32. ACM (2006)
Choppy, C., Reggio, G.: A UML-based approach for problem frame oriented software development. Inf. Softw. Technol. 47(14), 929–954 (2005), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2005.08.006
Bleistein, S.J., Cox, K., Verner, J.: Problem Frames Approach for e-Business Systems. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Advances and Applications of Problem Frames (IWAAPF), pp. 7–15. IEE (2004)
Bleistein, S.J., Cox, K., Verner, J.: Validating strategic alignment of organizational IT requirements using goal modeling and problem diagrams. Journal of Systems and Software 79(3), 362–378 (2006)
Liu, L., Jin, Z.: Integrating Goals and Problem Frames in Requirements Analysis. In: Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Requirements Engineering (RE), pp. 349–350 (2006)
Eclipse Modeling Framework Project (EMF), Mai (2013), http://www.eclipse.org/modeling/emf/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mohammadi, N.G., Alebrahim, A., Weyer, T., Heisel, M., Pohl, K. (2013). A Framework for Combining Problem Frames and Goal Models to Support Context Analysis during Requirements Engineering. In: Cuzzocrea, A., Kittl, C., Simos, D.E., Weippl, E., Xu, L. (eds) Availability, Reliability, and Security in Information Systems and HCI. CD-ARES 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8127. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40511-2_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40511-2_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-40510-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-40511-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)