Abstract
Different meta-heuristics (MHs) may find the best solutions for different traveling salesman problem (TSP) instances. The a priori selection of the best MH for a given instance is a difficult task. We address this task by using a meta-learning based approach, which ranks different MHs according to their expected performance. Our approach uses Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs) for label ranking. It is tested on two different TSP scenarios, namely: re-visiting customers and visiting prospects. The experimental results show that: 1) MLPs can accurately predict MH rankings for TSP, 2) better TSP solutions can be obtained from a label ranking compared to multilabel classification approach, and 3) it is important to consider different TSP application scenarios when using meta-learning for MH selection.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Applegate, D., Bixby, R., Cook, W.: The Traveling Salesman Problem: A Computational Study. Princeton University Press, New Jersey (2006)
Brazdil, P., Giraud-Carrier, C., Soares, C., Vilalta, R.: Metalearning: Applications to Data Mining. Springer, Berlin (2009)
Brazdil, P., Soares, C., Costa, J.: Ranking learning algorithms: Using ibl and meta-learning on accuracy and time results. Machine Learning 50, 251–257 (2003)
Dekel, O., Manning, C.D., Singer, Y.: Log-Linear Models for Label Ranking. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. MIT Press (2003)
Dorigo, M., Gambardella, L.M.: Ant Colony System: A Cooperative Learning Approach to the Traveling Salesman Problem. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 1(1), 53–66 (1997)
Feo, T., Resende, M.: Greedy randomized adaptive search procedures. Journal of Global Optimization 6, 109–133 (1995)
Fürnkranz, J., Hüllermeier, E., MencÃa, E., Brinker, K.: Multilabel classification via calibrated label ranking. Mach. Learn. 73, 133–153 (2008)
Gendreau, M., Potvin, J.Y.: Handbook of Metaheuristics, 2nd edn. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated (2010)
Glover, F., Taillard, E., Taillard, E.: A user’s guide to tabu search. Annals of Operations Research 41, 1–28 (1993)
Goldberg, D., Lingle Jr., R.: Alleles, loci, and the traveling salesman problem. In: International Conference on Genetic Algorithms and Their Applications, pp. 154–159 (1985)
Hall, M., Frank, E., Holmes, G., Pfahringer, B., Reutemann, P., Witten, I.: The weka data mining software: an update. SIGKDD Explor. Newsl. 11(1), 10–18 (2009)
Haykin, S.: Neural networks and learning machines, 3rd edn. Pearson Education Inc., New York (2009)
Holland, J.: Genetic algorithms and the optimal allocations of trial. SIAM J. Comp. 2, 88–105 (1973)
Kanda, J., Carvalho, A., Hruschka, E., Soares, C.: Selection of algorithms to solve traveling salesman problems using meta-learning. International Journal of Hybrid Intelligent Systems 8(3), 117–128 (2011)
Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C., Vecchi, M.: Optimization by simulated annealing. Science 220, 671–680 (1983)
Papadimitriou, C.H.: The euclidean traveling salesman problem is np-complete. Theoretical Computer Science 4(3), 237–244 (1977)
Reinelt, G.: TSPLIB - a traveling salesman problem library. ORSA Journal on Computing 3, 376–384 (1991)
Rumelhart, D., Hinton, G., Williams, R.: Learning internal representations by error propagation. In: Rumelhart, D., McClelland, J. (eds.) Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, vol. 1, pp. 318–362. MIT Press, Cambridge (1986)
Smith-Miles, K., van Hemert, J., Lim, X.Y.: Understanding TSP Difficulty by Learning from Evolved Instances. In: Blum, C., Battiti, R. (eds.) LION 4. LNCS, vol. 6073, pp. 266–280. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Smith-Miles, K., Lopes, L.: Review: Measuring instance dificulty for combinatorial optimization problems. Comput. Oper. Res. 39(5), 875–889 (2012)
Spearman, C.: The proof and measurement of association between two things. American Journal of Psychology 15, 72–101 (1904)
Tan, P.N., Steinbach, M., Kumar, V.: Introduction to Data Mining. Pearson Education, Inc., Boston (2006)
Vembu, S., Gärtner, T.: Label ranking algorithms: A survey. In: Fürnkranz, J., Hüllermeier, E. (eds.) Preference Learning, pp. 45–64. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Vilalta, R., Drissi, Y.: A perspective view and survey of meta-learning. Artificial Intelligence Review 18, 77–95 (2002)
Wolpert, D., Macready, W.: No free lunch theorems for optimization. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 1, 67–82 (1997)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kanda, J., Soares, C., Hruschka, E., de Carvalho, A. (2012). A Meta-Learning Approach to Select Meta-Heuristics for the Traveling Salesman Problem Using MLP-Based Label Ranking. In: Huang, T., Zeng, Z., Li, C., Leung, C.S. (eds) Neural Information Processing. ICONIP 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7665. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34487-9_59
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34487-9_59
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-34486-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-34487-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)