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The Epigenetic Language of Circadian Clocks

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Circadian Clocks

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 217))

Abstract

Epigenetic control, which includes DNA methylation and histone modifications, leads to chromatin remodeling and regulated gene expression. Remodeling of chromatin constitutes a critical interface of transducing signals, such as light or nutrient availability, and how these are interpreted by the cell to generate permissive or silenced states for transcription. CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated activation of clock-controlled genes (CCGs) is coupled to circadian changes in histone modification at their promoters. Several chromatin modifiers, such as the deacetylases SIRT1 and HDAC3 or methyltransferase MLL1, have been shown to be recruited to the promoters of the CCGs in a circadian manner. Interestingly, the central element of the core clock machinery, the transcription factor CLOCK, also possesses histone acetyltransferase activity. Rhythmic expression of the CCGs is abolished in the absence of these chromatin modifiers. Here we will discuss the evidence demonstrating that chromatin remodeling is at the crossroads of circadian rhythms and regulation of metabolism and cellular proliferation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA

    Saurabh Sahar & Paolo Sassone-Corsi

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  1. Saurabh Sahar
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  2. Paolo Sassone-Corsi
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Correspondence to Paolo Sassone-Corsi .

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  1. , Laboratory of Chronobiology, Charité Universiätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, Berlin, 10115, Germany

    Achim Kramer

  2. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Institute of Medical Psychology, Goethestrasse 31/ I, München, 80336, Germany

    Martha Merrow

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Sahar, S., Sassone-Corsi, P. (2013). The Epigenetic Language of Circadian Clocks. In: Kramer, A., Merrow, M. (eds) Circadian Clocks. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 217. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25950-0_2

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