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Agent-Based Modeling

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Social Self-Organization

Part of the book series: Understanding Complex Systems ((UCS))

Abstract

Since the advent of computers, the natural and engineering sciences have enormously progressed. Computer simulations allow one to understand interactions of physical particles and make sense of astronomical observations, to describe many chemical properties ab initio, and to design energy-efficient aircrafts and safer cars. Today, the use of computational devices is pervasive. Offices, administrations, financial trading, economic exchange, the control of infrastructure networks, and a large share of our communication would not be conceivable without the use of computers anymore. Hence, it would be very surprising, if computers could not make a contribution to a better understanding of social and economic systems.

This chapter has been prepared by D. Helbing and S. Balietti under the project title “How to Do Agent-Based Simulations in the Future: From Modeling Social Mechanisms to Emergent Phenomena and Interactive Systems Design”.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    There exist a number of software packages aimed at supporting developers in versioning the code. They automatise several operations such as assigning sequential versions numbers, comparing different versions of files, undo or merging changes on the same files, etc. For examples, see [132–135].

  2. 2.

    The reason for this is that deterministic systems may easily get trapped in local optima, which can be overcome by noise [119].

  3. 3.

    Some random number generators do this automatically by coupling to the clock.

  4. 4.

    One should be aware that this may sooner or later happen to any model, if it promises to be useful to address real-world phenomena.

  5. 5.

    Probably, nobody would claim that they are always true.

  6. 6.

    Another example is the “self-control” of urban traffic flows, which is based on a special, traffic-reponsive kind of decentralized traffic light control [40], see Sect. 2.4.2.1.

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  1. CLU E1, ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 50, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland

    Dirk Helbing (Chair of Sociology, in particular of Modeling and Simulation)

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    Dirk Helbing

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Helbing, D. (2012). Agent-Based Modeling. In: Helbing, D. (eds) Social Self-Organization. Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24004-1_2

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