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Chemistry and Biology of Camptothecin and its Derivatives

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Natural Products

Abstract

Quinoline alkaloid camptothecin (CPT) isolated in 1958 from Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata is an important natural product serving as a lead compound for designing many more active and clinically useful anticancer drugs, such as approved topotecan and irinotecan. All camptothecins exhibit a unique mechanism of action involving inhibition of topoisomerase I which leads to the interruption of cell division processes. Current efforts in CPT research focus on construction of better drugs, prodrugs, and new forms of administration. Important area of clinical work involves testing of multidrug regimens of CPTs with conjunction of other anticancer drugs. This often resulted in an improved activity toward malignancies. Beside anticancer activity, camptothecin and related compounds display also other activities such as antiviral or antiprotozoal. Insufficient natural supply of camptothecin led to significant improvement of camptothecins total synthesis as well as to attempts of its biotechnological production. The present chapter covering over 300 references is intended to provide a complete but condensed overview on camptothecins, with emphasis on the newest work in the field.

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Abbreviations

5-FU:

5-Fluorouracil

CPT:

Camptothecin

Et:

Ethyl

HPLC:

High pressure liquid chromatography

HSA:

Human serum albumin

IC50 :

Inhibitory concentration on 50% of investigated sample

Me:

Methyl

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NSCLC:

Non-small-cell lung carcinoma

OR:

Overall response ratio

Ph:

Phenyl

SCLC:

Small-cell lung cancer

X:

Halogen

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Acknowledgements

Research support from Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Grant No. NN 204 178 340) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780, Poznań, Poland

    Dr. Karol Michał Kacprzak

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  1. Dr. Karol Michał Kacprzak
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Correspondence to Karol Michał Kacprzak .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University, Durga Nursery Road, Udaipur, 313001, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  2. Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences, Biological-Active Plant Substances Study, University of Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte CS 50008, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France

    Jean-Michel Mérillon

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Kacprzak, K.M. (2013). Chemistry and Biology of Camptothecin and its Derivatives. In: Ramawat, K., Mérillon, JM. (eds) Natural Products. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_26

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