Abstract
This paper investigates congestion control in opportunistic networks that use delay-tolerant networking (DTN) as a basis for communication. We propose a mechanism that advertises buffer occupancy information to adjacent nodes and avoids forwarding through nodes with high buffer occupancy. The nodes then achieve global congestion avoidance simply based on locally available information. The proposed mechanism works independent of the routing protocol and is thus applicable to wide array of scenarios. Extensive simulations, with different node mobility models and radio modeling, indicate that the proposed mechanism improves message delivery ratio and decreases end-to-end delay.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Vahdat, A., Becker, D.: Epidemic routing for partially connected ad hoc networks. tech. rep., Duke University (April 2000)
Spyropoulos, T., Psounis, K., Raghavendra, C.: Spray and wait: an efficient routing scheme for intermittently connected mobile networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay-Tolerant Networking (Philadelphia, PA, USA), pp. 252–259 (August. 2005)
Haas, Z., Small, T.: A new networking model for biological applications of ad hoc sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 14, 27–40 (2006)
Jacobson, V.: Congestion avoidance and control. In: ACM SIGCOMM (Stanford, CA, USA), pp.314–329 (August 1988)
Floyd, S., Jacobson, V.: Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 1(4), 397–413 (1993)
Ramakrishnan, K., Floyd, S., Black, D.: The Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP. RFC Standards Track 3168, IETF (September 2001)
“Delay Tolerant Networking Research Group”, http://www.dtnrg.org
Scott, K., Burleigh, S.: Bundle Protocol Specification. RFC Experimental 5050, IETF (November 2007)
Ramadas, M., Burleigh, S., Farrell, S.: Licklider Transmission Protocol - Specification. RFC Experimental 5326, IETF (September 2008)
Burgess, J., Gallagher, B., Jensen, D., Levine, B.N.: Maxprop: Routing for vehicle-based disruption-tolerant networks. In: IEEE INFOCOM ,Barcelona, Spain, pp. 1–11 (April 2006)
Walker, B., Glenn, J., Clancy, T.: Analysis of simple counting protocols for delay-tolerant networks. In: CHANTS 2007 ,Montréal, Québec, Canada), pp.19–26 (September 2007)
Seligman, M., Fall, K., Mundur, P.: Alternative custodians for congestion control in delay tolerant networks. In: CHANTS 2006, Pisa, Italy, pp. 229–236 (September 2006)
Seligman, M., Fall, K., Mundur, P.: Storage routing for DTN congestion control. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput. 7(10), 1183–1196 (2007)
Burleigh, S., Jennings, E., Schoolcraft, J.: Autonomous congestion control in delay-tolerant networks. In: SpaceOps (2006)
Zhang, G., Wang, J., Liu, Y.: Congestion management in delay tolerant networks. In: WICON 2008, Maui, Hawaii, USA, pp. 1–9 (November 2008)
Krifa, A., Barakat, C., Spyropoulos, T.: Optimal buffer management policies for delay tolerant networks. In: SECON, San Francisco, CA, USA, pp. 260–268 (July 2008)
Randkovic, M., Grundy, A.: Congestion aware forwarding in delay tolerant and social opportunistic networks. In: WONS, Bardonecchia, Italy, pp. 60–67 (January 2011)
Pujol, J., Toledo, A., Rodriguez, P.: Fair routing in delay tolerant networks. In: IEEE INFOCOM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp. 837–845 (April 2009)
Ryu, J., Bhargava, V., Paine, N., Shakkottai, S.: Back-pressure routing and rate control for icns. In: ACM MobiCom, Chicago, Illinois, USA, pp. 365–376 (September 2010)
Thompson, N., Nelson, S., Bakht, M., Abdelzaher, T., Kravets, R.: Retiring replicants: congestion control for intermittently-connected networks. In: IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1118–1126. San Diego, California, USA (March 2010)
UCB/LBNL/VINT,Network Simulator - ns (version 2), http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns
“Cabspotting”, http://cabspotting.org
Keränen, A., Ott, J., Kärkkäinen, T.: The ONE Simulator for DTN Protocol Evaluation. In: SIMUTools 2009, Rome, Italy (March 2009)
U. of Padova,dei80211mr: a new 802.11 implementation for NS-2, http://www.dei.unipd.it/wdyn/?IDsezione=5090 .
Lakkakorpi, J., Pitkänen, M., Ott, J.: Adaptive routing in mobile opportunistic networks. In: ACM MSWIM 2010, Bodrum, Turkey, pp. 101–109 (October 2010)
Solis, J., Asokan, N., Kostiainen, K., Ginzboorg, P., Ott, J.: Controlling resource hogs in mobile delay-tolerant networks. Comput. Commun. 33(1), 2–10 (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lakkakorpi, J., Pitkänen, M., Ott, J. (2011). Using Buffer Space Advertisements to Avoid Congestion in Mobile Opportunistic DTNs. In: Masip-Bruin, X., Verchere, D., Tsaoussidis, V., Yannuzzi, M. (eds) Wired/Wireless Internet Communications. WWIC 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6649. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21560-5_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21560-5_32
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-21559-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-21560-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)