Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Pro-poor Governance of Non-timber Forest Products: The Need for Secure Tenure, the Rule of Law, Market Access and Partnerships

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Non-Timber Forest Products in the Global Context

Part of the book series: Tropical Forestry ((TROPICAL,volume 7))

Abstract

It is now well appreciated that the sustainability and livelihood contributions of NTFPs depend upon the manner in which they are managed and governed. Yet, governance systems are complex, context specific and constantly changing, especially as markets develop. Therefore, the attributes of good governance need to be identified, along with the enabling conditions that allow them to evolve and persist. In this chapter, we review some key conditions for good and pro-poor NTFP governance, with a focus on secure rights, equitable rule of law, market access and the building of partnerships. Through examination of case studies we conclude that many of the NTFP governance challenges can be met through building partnerships.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adano WR, Witsenburg K (2004) Surviving pastoral decline: pastoral sedentarisation, natural resource management and livelihood diversification in Marsabit District, N Kenya. PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Adano WR, Witsenburg K (2005) Global forest management decisions and local use of forest resources in Kenya: exploring the link. In: Ros-Tonen MAF, Dietz T (eds) African forests between nature and livelihood resources: interdisciplinary studies in conservation and forest management. The Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston NY, pp 159–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Allegretti MH (1990) Extractive reserves: an alternative for reconciling development and environmental conservation in Amazonia. In: Anderson AB (ed) Alternatives to deforestation. Steps towards sustainable use of the Amazon rain forest. Columbia University Press, New York, pp 252–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Angelsen A, Wunder S (2003) Exploring the forest–poverty link: key concepts, issues and research implications. CIFOR Occasional Paper 40, CIFOR, Bogor

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold JEM (2001) Forests and people. 25 years of community forestry. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold JEM, Ruiz Pérez M (2001) Can non-timber forest products match tropical forest conservation and development objectives? Ecol Econ 39:437–447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belcher B, Ruiz Pérez M, Achdiawan R (2005) Global patterns and trends in the use and management of commercial NTFPs: implications for livelihoods and conservation. World Dev 33(9):1435–1452

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boaz, AA (2004) Case study of tendu leaves (diospyros melanoxylon) in Harda District, Madhya Pradesh, India. In: Kusters K, Belcher B (eds) Forest products, livelihoods and conservation. Case studies of non-timber forest product systems, vol 1: Asia. CIFOR, Bogor

    Google Scholar 

  • Boot RGA (1997) Extraction of non-timber forest products from tropical rain forest. Does diversity come at a price? Netherlands J Agric Sci 45:439–450

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown K, Rosendo S (2000) Environmentalists, rubber tappers and empowerment: the political and economic dimensions of extractive reserves. Dev Change 31(1):201–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown D, Schreckenberg K, Shepherd G, Wells A (2002) Forestry as an entry point for governance reform. ODI Briefing Paper 2002(1)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bubb P, May I, Miles L, Sayer J (2004) Cloud forest agenda. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomitz KM (2007) At loggerheads? Agricultural expansion, poverty reduction, and environment in the tropical forests. IBRD/World Bank, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • East African (2001) Kenya in grave danger over forest excisions. Regional – A joint report Nairobi: Monday 5 November 2001

    Google Scholar 

  • Fay C, de Foresta H, Sirait M, Tomich TP (1998) A policy breakthrough for Indonesian farmers in the Krui damar agroforests. Agrofor Today 10(2):25–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Feder G, Feeny D (1991) Land tenure and property rights: theory and implications for development policy. World Bank Econ Rev 5(1):135–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall A (1997) Sustaining Amazonia: grassroots action for productive conservation. Manchester University Press, Manchester

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall A (2008) Better RED than dead: paying people for environmental services in Amazonia. Philos Trans R Soc B 363:1925–1932

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hobly M (2007) Where in the world is there pro-poor forest policy and land reform? Rights and Resources Initiative, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Jessop B (1998) The rise of governance and the risks of failure: the case of economic development. Int Soc Sci J 50(155):29–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kenya Forests Working Group (KFWG) (2002) Misitu News: the newsletter of the Kenya Forest Working Group Sept–Dec 2002

    Google Scholar 

  • Kooiman J, Bavinck M (2005) The governance perspective. In: Kooiman J, Bavinck M, Jentoft S, Pullin R (eds) Fish for life. Interactive governance for fisheries. Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, pp 11–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S (2002) Does “participation” in common pool resource management help the poor? A social cost-benefit analysis of joint forest management in Jharkhand, India. World Dev 30:763–782

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kusters K, Ros-Tonen MAF, van der Top G, Dietz T (2001) The potential contribution of non-timber forest product extraction to tropical forest conservation: lessons from a case study of bamboo utilisation in a Sierra Madre community, the Philippines. J Bamboo Rattan 1:77–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kusters K, de Foresta H, Ekadinata A, van Noordwijk M (2007) Towards solutions for state vs local community conflicts over forestland: the impact of formal recognition of user rights in Krui, Sumatra, Indonesia. Hum Ecol 35(4):427–438

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lemos MC, Agrawal A (2006) Environmental governance. Ann Rev Environ Resour 31:297–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch OJ, Talbott K (1995) Balancing acts: community-based forest management and national law in Asia and the Pacific. WRI, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Macqueen DJ, Bila A (2004) Gleanings on governance: learning from a two year process of forest policy support to ProAgri. IIED, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayers J, Vermeulen S (2002a) Power from the trees: how good forest governance can help reduce poverty. WSSD Opinion. IIED, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayers J, Vermeulen S (2002b) Company-community forestry partnerships : from raw deals to mutual gains? IIED, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayers J, Bass S, Macqueen D (2002) The pyramid: a diagnostic and planning tool for good forest governance. IIED, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mbugua D (2001) Forest outlook studies in Africa (FOSA): Kenya country report. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Mugabe J, Krhoda G (1999) The politics of public policy reform in Kenya: the case of environmental adjustment. Paper presented at workshop on Environmental adjustment: opportunities for progressive policy reform in the forest sector? WRI, Washington, April 6, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson F, Agrawal A (2008) Patronage or participation? Community-based natural resource management reform in Sub-Saharan Africa. Dev Change 39(4):557–585

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neumann RP (1997) Primitive ideas: protected area buffer zones and the politics of land in Africa. Dev Change 28:559–582

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pagdee A, Kim Y, Daugherty PJ (2006) What makes community forest management successful: a meta-study from community forests throughout the world. Soc Nat Resour 19(1):33–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palis HG (2004) Rattan (Calamus spp.) extraction in the Philippines: the case of Manggapin and Kalakwasan watersheds, Palawan. In: Kusters K and Belcher B (eds) Forest products, livelihoods and conservation. Case studies of non-timber forest product systems, vol 1: Asia. CIFOR, Bogor

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierce A, Shanley P, Laid S (2003) Certification of non-timber forest products: limitations and implications of a market-based conservation tool. Paper presented at the International Conference on Rural Livelihoods, Forests and Biodiversity, 19–23 May 2003, Bonn, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosendo S (2007) Partnerships across scales: lessons from extractive reserves in Brazilian Amazonia. In: Ros-Tonen MAF (ed, in cooperation with H van den Hombergh and A Zoomers) Partnerships in sustainable forest resource management: learning from Latin America. Brill, Leiden, Boston, pp 3–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Ros-Tonen MAF, Wiersum KF (2005) The scope of improving rural livelihoods through non-timber forest products: an evolving research agenda. For Trees Livelihood 15(2):129–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Ros-Tonen, MAF, van den Hombergh H, Zoomers A (2007) Partnerships for sustainable forest and tree resource management in Latin America: the new road towards successful forest governance? In: Ros-Tonen MAF, van den Hombergh H, Zoomers A (eds) Partnerships in sustainable forest resource management: learning from Latin America. Brill, Leiden, Boston, pp 3–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Ros-Tonen MAF, van Andel T, Morsello C, Otsuki K, Rosendo S, Scholz I (2008) Forest-related partnerships in Brazilian Amazonia: there is more to sustainable forest management than reduced impact logging. For Ecol Manage 256:1482–1497

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scherr S, White A, Kaimowitz D (2003) A new agenda for achieving forest conservation and poverty alleviation: making markets work for low-income producers. Forest Trends, CIFOR, Washington, DC, Bogor

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlager E, Ostrom E (1992) Property rights regimes and natural resources: a conceptual analysis. Land Econ 68:249–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider R (1995) Government and the economy on the Amazon frontier. World Bank Environmental Paper 11, World Bank, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartzman S (1989) Extractive reserves: the rubber tappers’ strategy for sustainable use of the Amazon rainforest. In: Browder JO (ed) Fragile lands of Latin America: strategies for sustainable development. Westview, Boulder, pp 150–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Seymour FJ, Mugabe J (2000) Kenya. In: Seymour FJ, Dubash NN (eds) The right conditions: the World Bank, structural adjustment and forest policy reform. WRI, Washington, DC, pp 113–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Shackleton S, Campbell B, Wollenberg E, Edmunds D (2002) Devolution and community-based natural resource management: creating space for local people to participate and benefit? Nat Res Persp series 76. ODI, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Skutsch MM, Banskota K, Trines E, Karky B (2008) Governance for REDD. Policy note 4, Kyoto: think global act local project, Poznan

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderlin W, Angelsen A, Belcher B, Burgers P, Nasi R, Santoso L, Wunder S (2005) Livelihoods, forests, and conservation in developing countries: an overview. World Dev 33(9):1383–1402

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • UNESCAP (n.d.) http://www.unescap.org/huset/gg/governance.htm. Accessed Feb 2009

  • Verweij P, Schouten M, van Beukering P, Triana J, van der Leeuw K, Hess S (2009) Keeping the Amazon forest standing: a matter of value. Zeist, WWF Netherlands

    Google Scholar 

  • White A, Martin A (2002) Who owns the world’s forests? Forest tenure and public forests in transition. Forest Trends, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (1989) Sub-Saharan Africa: from crisis to sustainable growth. World Bank, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (2007) Sustaining economic growth, rural livelihoods, and environmental benefits: strategic options for forest assistance in Indonesia. World Bank, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Zerner C (ed) (2000) People, plants, and justice: the politics of nature conservation. Columbia University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Carol Colfer, Darcy Mitchell and Freerk Wiersum for useful comments on an earlier draft of this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amsterdam Institute of Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018, VZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Mirjam A. F. Ros-Tonen & Koen Kusters

Authors
  1. Mirjam A. F. Ros-Tonen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Koen Kusters
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mirjam A. F. Ros-Tonen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa

    Sheona Shackleton

  2. Dept. Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa

    Charlie Shackleton

  3. Forestry Research (CIFOR), Center for International, Bogor, Indonesia

    Patricia Shanley

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ros-Tonen, M.A.F., Kusters, K. (2011). Pro-poor Governance of Non-timber Forest Products: The Need for Secure Tenure, the Rule of Law, Market Access and Partnerships. In: Shackleton, S., Shackleton, C., Shanley, P. (eds) Non-Timber Forest Products in the Global Context. Tropical Forestry, vol 7. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17983-9_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation