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The Development of the Baltic Sea Basin During the Last 130 ka

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The Baltic Sea Basin

Part of the book series: Central and Eastern European Development Studies (CEEDES) ((CEEDES))

Abstract

During the Eemian interglacial 130–115 ka BP, the hydrology of the Baltic Sea was significantly different from the Holocene. A pathway between the Baltic basin and the Barents Sea through Karelia existed during the first ca. 2.5 ka of the interglacial. Both sea surface temperature and salinity of the SW Eemian Baltic Sea were much higher, ca. 6°C and 15‰, respectively, than at present. A first early Weichselian Scandinavian ice advance is recorded in NW Finland during marine isotope stage (MIS) 4 and the first Baltic ice lobe advance into SE Denmark is dated to 55–50 ka BP. From the last glacial maximum that was reached ca. 22 ka BP, the ice sheet retreated northward with a few still-stands and readvances; however, by ca. 10 ka BP the entire basin was deglaciated. Weak inflows of saline water were registered in the southern and central Baltic Sea ca. 9.8 ka BP with full brackish marine conditions reached at ca. 8 ka BP and the maximum Holocene salinity was recorded between 6 and 4 ka BP. The present Baltic Sea is characterized by a marked halocline preventing the vertical water exchange resulting in hypoxic bottom conditions in the deeper part of the basin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Södertörn University, SE-141 89, Huddinge, Sweden

    Thomas Andrén & Elinor Andrén

  2. Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Division of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University, Sölveg. 12, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden

    Svante Björck, Daniel Conley, Lovisa Zillén & Johanna Anjar

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  2. Svante Björck
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  5. Lovisa Zillén
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Correspondence to Thomas Andrén .

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  1. Inst. Ostseeforschung Warnemünde, Universität Rostock, Seestr. 15, Rostock, 18119, Mecklenburg-Vorpomm., Germany

    Jan Harff

  2. Dept. Geology, University of Lund, Sölvegatan 13, Lund, 223 62, Sweden

    Svante Björck

  3. Wirtschaft und Technologie, Bundesministerium für, Scharnhorststr. 34-37, Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany

    Peer Hoth

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Andrén, T., Björck, S., Andrén, E., Conley, D., Zillén, L., Anjar, J. (2011). The Development of the Baltic Sea Basin During the Last 130 ka. In: Harff, J., Björck, S., Hoth, P. (eds) The Baltic Sea Basin. Central and Eastern European Development Studies (CEEDES). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17220-5_4

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