Abstract
The chapter presents the taxonomic position of species of the Avena genus. The geographical locations of genetic diversity and morphology of wild oat species are given in detail. Karyological and cytological problems related to the Avena genome structure are considered. Wild species of oat are characterized from the economic point of view. Various aspects of in situ and ex situ conservation of oat species diversity are discussed. It is stated that genetic erosion may reveal itself during germplasm conservation in a genebank and due to the shrinkage of this species habitat in the wild. Specific features of activities of the largest holders of wild Avena species and the work of international organizations coordinating said activities are presented. The role of wild species in elucidation of origin and evolution of various cultivated oat species is demonstrated and brief descriptions of the former provided. In this chapter, the problems of Avena species systematization using morphological characters are considered, various taxonomic systems presented, and different approaches to the creation of such systems discussed. The results of wild oat species study and analysis applying different biochemical and molecular markers are offered. Various aspects of oat genetic collections’ utilization are also discussed in this chapter. Much attention is paid to the potential of Avena wild species and their challenges, approaches, and successes in oat breeding.
Devoted to Ken Frey – Oat Breeder
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Acknowledgments
Igor G. Loskutov is grateful to Ekatherina D. Badaeva (Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia), Alexander V. Rodionov (Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia), Irina N. Anisimova (Vavilov Institute of Plant industry, St. Petetrsburg, Russia), and Ronald L. Phillips (Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA) for critical reading of thе manuscript and making valuable suggestions and wish to extend thanks to translator of VIR Mr. Sergei V. Shuvalov.
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Loskutov, I.G., Rines, H.W. (2011). Avena. In: Kole, C. (eds) Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14228-4_3
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