Abstract
Tag clouds have become a frequently used interaction technique in the web in the past couple of years. Research has shown the influence of variables such as tag size and location on the perception of tag clouds. However, several questions remain unclear. First, little is know on how tag clouds are perceived visually and which search strategies users apply when looking for tags in a tag cloud. Second, there are variables, especially tag location, were prior work comes to conflicting results. Third, several approaches to present tag clouds with the tags semantically clustered have been proposed recently. However, it remains unclear which effects these new approaches have on the perception of tag clouds. In this paper we report the results of an extensive study on the perception of tag clouds using eye tracking technology that allows answering these questions.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rivadeneira, A.W., Gruen, D.M., Muller, M.J., Millen, D.R.: Getting our head in the clouds: toward evaluation studies of tagclouds. In: Proc. CHI 2007, pp. 995–998. ACM Press, New York (2007)
Maughan, L., Gutnikov, S., Stevens, R.: Like more, look more. Look more, like more: The evidence from eye-tracking. Journal of Brand Management 14 (2007)
Halvey, M.J., Keane, M.T.: An assessment of tag presentation techniques. In: Proc. WWW 2007, pp. 1313–1314. ACM Press, New York (2007)
Bateman, S., Gutwin, C., Nacenta, M.: Seeing things in the clouds: the effect of visual features on tag cloud selections. In: Proc. Hypertext and Hypermedia 2008, pp. 193–202. ACM Press, New York (2008)
Schrammel, J., Leitner, M., Tscheligi, M.: Semantically Structured Tag Clouds: An Empirical Evaluation of Clustered Presentation Approaches. In: CHI 2009, Boston, MA, USA, April 3–9 (2009)
Hassan-Montero, Y., Herrero-Solana, V.: Improving tagclouds as visual information retrieval interfaces. In: Proc. InfoSciT 2006 (2006)
Fujimura, K., Fujimura, S., Matsubayashi, T., Yamada, T., Okuda, H.: Topigraphy: visualization for largescale tag clouds. In: Proc. WWW 2008, pp. 1087–1088. ACM Press, New York (2008)
Berlocher, I., Lee, K., Kim, K.: TopicRank: bringing insight to users. In: Proc. SIGIR 2008, pp. 703–704. ACM Press, New York (2008)
Sinclair, J., Cardew-Hall, M.: The Folksonomy Tag Cloud: When is it Useful? Journal of Information Sience 34(1), 15–29 (2008)
Kuo, B.Y., Hentrich, T., Good, B.M., Wilkinson, M.D.: Tag clouds for summarizing web search results. In: Proc. World Wide Web 2007, pp. 1203–1204. ACM Press, New York (2007)
Rayner, K.: Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin 124, 372–422 (1998)
Goldberg, H.J., Kotval, X.P.: Computer interface evaluation using eye movements: Methods and constructs. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 24, 631–645 (1999)
Posner, M.I.: Orienting of attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 32, 3–25 (1980)
Duchowski, A.T.: A Breadth-First Survey of Eye Tracking Applications. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers 34(4), 455–470 (2002)
Carpenter, P.A., Shah, P.: A model of perceptual and conceptual processes in graph comprehension. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 4, 75–100 (1998)
Klöckner, K., Wirschum, N., Jameson, A.: Depth and breadth-first processing of search result lists. In: Ext. Abstracts CHI 2004, pp. 1539–1539. ACM Press, New York (2004)
Cutrell, E., Guan, Z.: What are you looking for? An eye-tracking study of information usage in Web search. In: CHI 2007- Proceedings - Gaze & Eye Tracking, San Jose, California, USA, April 28 - May 3 (2007)
Pan, B., Helmbrooke, H.A., Gay, G.K., Granka, L.A., Feusner, M.K., Newman, J.K.: The Determinants of Web Page Viewing Behavior: An Eye Tracking Study. In: Proceedings of Eye Tracking Research & Applications: Symposium 2004, pp. 147–154 (2004)
Lohse, G.L.: Consumer eye movement patterns on Yellow Pages advertising. Journal of Advertising 26, 61–73 (1997)
Rayner, K., Rottello, C.M., Stewart, A.J., Keir, J., Duffy, S.A.: Integrating Text and Pictorial Information: Eye Movements when Looking at Print Advertisements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 7, 219–226 (2001)
Flickr API, http://www.flickr.com/services/api
Campbell, C.S., Maglio, P.P.: A robust algorithm for reading detection. In: Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Perceptual User Interfaces (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing
About this paper
Cite this paper
Schrammel, J., Deutsch, S., Tscheligi, M. (2009). Visual Search Strategies of Tag Clouds - Results from an Eyetracking Study. In: Gross, T., et al. Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2009. INTERACT 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5727. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03658-3_85
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03658-3_85
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-03657-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-03658-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)