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Entangled Photon Generation by Quantum Dots

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Single Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Part of the book series: NanoScience and Technology ((NANO))

Abstract

We describe recent progress in generating pairs of polarization entangled photons from the biexciton cascade of a single self-assembled quantum dot. Entanglement between the emitted photons is demonstrated by the presence of strong correlations for different orthogonal measurement bases, the invariance of the correlation to the linear polarisation basis angle and the form of the two-photon density matrix. Through cancellation of the exciton spin splitting and reduction in background emission, entanglement fidelities to the expected symmetric Bell state Ψ + exceeding 90% are achieved, along with a strong violation of Bell’s inequality. A model to describe the factors limiting the fidelity is presented. We analyse the biexciton emission for the general case of a finite fine-structure splitting in the intermediate exciton state of the cascade. This reveals that the emitted entangled two-photon state contains a phase term which is dependent on the time delay between the two emitted photons. Only for the case of zero exciton splitting are all pairs created with the same phase, leading to the highest fidelities to Ψ +. Resolving the time delay between the two photons allows a strong enhancement in the entanglement fidelity for dots with a finite exciton splitting, as well as the preparation of the Ψ - Bell state.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Toshiba Research Europe Ltd., 208, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, 44221, Cambridge, CB4 0GZ, UK

    Andrew J. Shields, R. Mark Stevenson & Robert J. Young

Authors
  1. Andrew J. Shields
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  2. R. Mark Stevenson
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  3. Robert J. Young
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Correspondence to Andrew J. Shields .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Halbleiteroptik und, Funktionelle Grenzflächen, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany

    Peter Michler

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Shields, A.J., Stevenson, R.M., Young, R.J. (2009). Entangled Photon Generation by Quantum Dots. In: Michler, P. (eds) Single Semiconductor Quantum Dots. NanoScience and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87446-1_7

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