Abstract
Gadolinium-based agents are the most widely employed agents for CE-MR angiography. They act as positive paramagnetic substances, thus they increase the vascular signal by strongly reducing the T1 relaxation time of blood. Several Gd-based agents have been approved for clinical application to date. On the basis of their distribution, Gd-agents are subdivided into extra-cellular fluid (ECF) and blood-pool agents.
Conventional ECF agents have been employed for long time in vascular imaging. Given their brief plasma half-life, they require a careful timing of the MRA acquisition in order to properly sample the contrast bolus first pass.
Blood-pool agent have been recently introduced. They are characterized by high relaxivity constants. Since they persist in the vascular compartment for a quite long time, blood-pool agents allow the steady state acquisition of angiograms with higher spatial resolution.
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Pesaresi, I., Cosottini, M. (2010). MR Angiography Contrast Agents. In: Neri, E., Cosottini, M., Caramella, D. (eds) MR Angiography of the Body. Diagnostic Imaging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79717-3_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79717-3_2
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