Abstract
Content-based image authentication typically assesses authenticity based on a distance measure between the image to be tested and its original. Commonly employed distance measures such as the Minkowski measures (including Hamming and Euclidean distances) may not be adequate for content-based image authentication since they do not exploit statistical and spatial properties in features. This paper proposes a feature distance measure for content-based image authentication based on statistical and spatial properties of the feature differences. The proposed statistics- and spatiality-based measure (SSM) is motivated by an observation that most malicious manipulations are localized whereas acceptable manipulations result in global distortions. A statistical measure, kurtosis, is used to assess the shape of the feature difference distribution; a spatial measure, the maximum connected component size, is used to assess the degree of object concentration of the feature differences. The experimental results have confirmed that our proposed measure is better than previous measures in distinguishing malicious manipulations from acceptable ones.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Lin, C.Y., Chang, S.F.: A Robust Image Authentication Method Distinguishing JPEG Compression from Malicious Manipulation. IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems of Video Technology 11, 153–168 (2001)
Martinian, E., Wornell, G.W., Chen, B.: Authentication With Distortion Criteria. IEEE Transaction on Information Theory 51(7), 2523–2542 (2005)
Dittmann, J., Steinmetz, A., Steinmetz, R.: Content-based Digital Signature for Motion Pictures Authentication and Content-fragile Watermarking. In: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, vol. 2, pp. 209–213 (1999)
Zhu, B.B., Swanson, M.D., Tewfik, A.H.: When Seeing Isn’t Believing: Multimedia Authentication Technologies. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 21(2), 40–49 (2004)
Wang, Y., Ostermann, J., Zhang, Y.Q.: Video Processing and Communications. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (2002)
Queluz, M.P.: Authentication of Digital Images and Video: Generic Models and a New Contribution. Signal Processing: Image Communication 16, 461–475 (2001)
Chang, E.C., et al.: Robust Image Authentication Using Content-based Compression. ACM Multimedia Systems Journal 9(2), 121–130 (2003)
Sun, Q., Chang, S.F.: Semi-fragile Image Authentication using Generic Wavelet Domain Features and ECC. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Rochester, USA (Sep. 2002)
Ye, S., Sun, Q., Chang, E.C.: Error Resilient Content-based Image Authentication Over Wireless Channel. In: IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Japan (2005)
Wu, C.W.: On the Design of Content-Based Multimedia Authentication Systems. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 4(3), 385–393 (2002)
Schneider, M., Chang, S.F.: A Robust Content-based Digital Signature for Image Authentication. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), vol. 3, pp. 227–230 (1996)
Li, B., Chang, E., Wu, Y.: Discovery of a Perceptual Distance Function for Measuring Image Similarity. ACM Multimedia Journal (Special Issue on Content-based Image Retrieval) 8(6), 512–522 (2003)
Sun, Q., et al.: A Crypto Signature Scheme for Image Authentication over Wireless Channel. International Journal of Image and Graphics 5(1), 1–14 (2005)
Cannons, J.L., Moulin, P.: Design and Statistical Analysis of a Hash-Aided Image Watermarking System. IEEE Transaction on Image Processing 13(10), 1393–1408 (2004)
Jain, R., Kasturi, R., Schunck, B.G.: Machine Vision. McGraw Hill, New York (1995)
Erceg, V., Hari, K.: Channel Models for Fixed Wireless Applications. IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group (2001)
Golle, P., Modadugu, N.: Authenticating Streamed Data in the Presence of Random Packet Loss. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Network and Distributed Systems Security, pp. 13–22 (2001)
Ye, S., Sun, Q., Chang, E.C.: Edge Directed Filter based Error Concealment for Wavelet-based Images. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Singapore (2004)
Chou, W.: Classifying Image Pixels into Shaped, Smooth and Textured Points. Pattern Recognition 32(10), 1697–1706 (1999)
Ye, S., Lin, X., Sun, Q.: Content Based Error Detection and Concealment for Image Transmission over Wireless Channel. In: IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Thailand (May 2003)
Boliek, M. (ed.): JPEG 2000 Final Committee Draft. ISO/IEC FCD1.5444-1 (Mar. 2000)
Yu, Y., Acton, S.T.: Speckle Reducing Anisotropic Diffusion. IEEE Transaction on Image Processing 11(11), 1260–1270 (2002)
Paquet, A.H., Ward, R.K., Pitas, I.: Wavelet Packets-based Digital Watermarking for Image Verification and Authentication. Signal Processing (Special Issue on Security of Data Hiding Technologies) 83(10), 2117–2132 (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ye, S., Sun, Q., Chang, EC. (2007). Statistics- and Spatiality-Based Feature Distance Measure for Error Resilient Image Authentication. In: Shi, Y.Q. (eds) Transactions on Data Hiding and Multimedia Security II. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4499. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73092-7_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73092-7_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-73091-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-73092-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)