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Scaffolding Proteins at the Postsynaptic Density: Shank as the Architectural Framework

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Protein-Protein Interactions as New Drug Targets

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 186))

Abstract

Shank proteins are multidomain scaffold proteins of the postsynaptic density, connecting neurotransmitter receptors and other membrane proteins with signaling proteins and the actin cytoskeleton. By virtue of their protein interactions, Shank proteins assemble signaling platforms for G-protein-mediated signaling and the control of calcium homeostasis in dendritic spines. In addition, they participate in morphological changes, leading to maturation of dendritic spines and synapse formation. The importance of the Shank scaffolding function is demonstrated by genetically determined forms of mental retardation, which may be caused by haploinsufficiency for the SHANK3 gene. Consistent with its central function within the postsynaptic density, the availability of Shank is tightly controlled by local synthesis and degradation, as well as actin-dependent dynamic rearrangements within the dendritic spine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany

    H. -J. Kreienkamp

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  1. H. -J. Kreienkamp
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  1. Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany

    Enno Klussmann

  2. The Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Medical Research Bldg, Rm 322D 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA

    John Scott Ph.D.

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Kreienkamp, H.J. (2008). Scaffolding Proteins at the Postsynaptic Density: Shank as the Architectural Framework. In: Klussmann, E., Scott, J. (eds) Protein-Protein Interactions as New Drug Targets. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 186. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72843-6_15

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