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T Cell Regulatory Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase

  • Chapter
Dendritic Cells

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 188))

Abstract

Mature dendritic cells (DCs) are potent stimulators of T cells that recognize antigens presented by the DCs. In this chapter we describe mature DCs that suppress T cell responses to antigens they present due to expression of the intracel-lular enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO). IDO-competent DCs are a subset of plasmacytoid DCs that can be induced to express IDO under certain inflammatory conditions in humans and mice. Though rare, IDO-expressing DCs acquire potent T cell suppressor activity that may predominate over the T cell stimulatory functions of all other antigen-presenting cells in physiologic environments due in part, to cooperation with regulatory T cells. Thus, IDO-expressing DCs are critical regulators of adaptive immunity that contribute to a wide range of inflammatory disease processes. As such, manipulating IDO expression in DCs using IDO inhibitors or IDO inducers offers considerable opportunities to improve immunotherapies in a range of clinically-significant disease syndromes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Program in Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, 1120, 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912-2600, USA

    David J. Kahler

  2. Immunotherapy Center, Medical College of Georgia, 1120, 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912-2600, USA

    Andrew L. Mellor

Authors
  1. David J. Kahler
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  2. Andrew L. Mellor
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Correspondence to Andrew L. Mellor .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. DIIID, King's College, London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK

    Giovanna Lombardi (Professor of Human Transplant Immunology MRC Centre in Transplantation Dep. of Nephrology and Transplantation) (Professor of Human Transplant Immunology MRC Centre in Transplantation Dep. of Nephrology and Transplantation)

  2. 5th Floor Hodgkin Building, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom

    Yanira Riffo-Vasquez (Research Fellow The Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology Pharmaceutical Science Division) (Research Fellow The Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology Pharmaceutical Science Division)

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Kahler, D.J., Mellor, A.L. (2009). T Cell Regulatory Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase. In: Lombardi, G., Riffo-Vasquez, Y. (eds) Dendritic Cells. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 188. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71029-5_8

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