Abstract
Oesophageal cancer is on the rise and often present in an advanced state. Advances in surgical techniques, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not changed the prognosis of oesophageal cancer over the last 20 years. With the unravelling of molecular biology of carcino-genesis in the oesophagus, there is a need for a paradigm shift from cancer treatment to prevention. Barrett's oesophagus is the commonest pre-malignant condition for development of oesophageal adenocarcinomas and is eminently suitable for the study of chemoprevention strategies. Now in its third year, the AspECT trial is the biggest, multicentre, randomised controlled clinical trial looking at the long-term chemopre-vention effect of esomeprazole with or without aspirin. More than 85% of the participants tolerated the medications at the initial intended doses, and the drop-out rate has been 7%; the interim analysis is due in 2011.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abdalla SI, Sanderson IR, Fitzgerald RC (2005) Effect of inflammation on cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in benign and malignant oesophageal cells. Carcinogenesis 26:1627–1633
Alikhan M, Rex D, Khan A, Rahmani E, Cummings O, Ulbright TM (1999) Variable pathologic interpretation of columnar lined esophagus by general pathologists in community practice. Gastrointest Endosc 50:23–26
Avidan B, Sonnenberg A, Schnell TG, Chejfec G, Metz A, Sontag SJ (2002) Hiatal hernia size, Barrett's length, and severity of acid reflux are all risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol 97:1930–1936
Bani-Hani K, Sue-Ling H, Johnston D, Axon AT, Martin IG (2000) Barrett's oesophagus: results from a 13-year surveillance programme. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 12:649–654
Boyer J, Laugier R, Chemali M, Arpurt J P, Boustière C, Canard JM, Dalbies PA, Gay G, Escourrou J, Napoléon B, Palazzo L, Ponchon T, Richard-Mollard B, Sautereau D, Tucat G, Vedrenne B; French Society of Digestive Endoscopy SFED (2007) French Society of Digestive Endoscopy SFED guideline: monitoring of patients with Barrett's esophagus. Endoscopy 39:840–842
Buttar NS, Wang KK, Sebo TJ, Riehle DM, Krishnadath KK, Lutzke LS, Anderson MA, Petterson TM, Burgart LJ (2001) Extent of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus correlates with risk of adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology 120:1630–1639
Cameron AJ, Ott BJ, Payne WS (1985) The incidence of adenocarcinoma in columnar-lined (Barrett's) esophagus. N Engl J Med 313:857–859
Conio M, Blanchi S, Lapertosa G, Ferraris R, Sablich R, Marchi S, D'Onofrio V, Lacchin T, Iaquinto G, Missale G, Ravelli P, Cestari R, Benedetti G, Macrì G, Fiocca R, Munizzi F, Filiberti R (2003) Long-term endoscopic surveillance of patients with Barrett's esophagus. Incidence of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma: a prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol 98:1931–1939
Corley DA, Levin TR, Habel LA, Weiss NS, Buffler PA (2002) Surveillance and survival in Barrett'sadenocarcinomas: a population-based study. Gastroenterology 122:633–640
Corley DA, Kerlikowske K, Verma R, Buffler P (2003) Protective association of aspirin/NSAIDs and esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 124:47–56
Das D, Ishaq S, Harrison R, Kosuri K, Harper E, Decaestecker J, Sampliner R, Attwood S, Barr H, Watson P, Moayyedi P, Jankowski J (2008) Management of Barrett's esophagus in the UK: overtreated and underbiopsied but improved by the introduction of a national randomized trial. Am J Gastroenterol 103:1079–1089
Dulai GS, Guha S, Kahn KL, Gornbein J, Weinstein WM (2002) Preoperative prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in esophageal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review. Gastroenterology 122:26–33
El-Serag HB, Aguirre T V, Davis S, Kuebeler M, Bhattacharyya A, Sampliner RE (2004) Proton pump inhibitors are associated with reduced incidence of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 99:1877–1883
Eloubeidi MA, Mason AC, Desmond RA, El-Serag HB (2003) Temporal trends (1973–1997) in survival of patients with esophageal adenocarci-noma in the United States: a glimmer of hope?. Am J Gastroenterol 98:1627–1633
Fitzgerald RC, Omary MB, Triadafilopoulos G (1996) Dynamic effects of acid on Barrett's esophagus. An ex vivo proliferation and differentiation model. J Clin Invest 98:2120–2128
Heath EI, Canto MI, Piantadosi S, Montgomery E, Weinstein WM, Herman JG, Dannenberg AJ, Yang V W, Shar AO, Hawk E, Forastiere AA (2007) Chemoprevention for Barrett's Esophagus Trial Research Group. Secondary chemopreven-tion of Barrett's esophagus with celecoxib: results of a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 99:545–557
Hillman LC, Chiragakis L, Shadbolt B, Kaye GL, Clarke AC (2004) Proton pump inhibitor therapy and the development of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's oesophagus. Med J Aust 180:387–391
Hillman LC, Chiragakis L, Shadbolt B, Kaye GL, Clarke AC (2008) Effect of proton pump inhibitors on markers of risk for high-grade dysplasia and oesophageal cancer in Barrett's oesophagus. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 27:321–336
Inadomi JM, Sampliner R, Lagergren J, Lieberman D, Fendrick AM, Vakil N (2003) Screening and surveillance for Barrett esophagus in high-risk groups: a cost-utility analysis. Ann Intern Med 138:176–186
Jankowski JA, Wright NA, Meltzer SJ, Triadafilopoulos G, Geboes K, Casson AG, Kerr D, Young LS (1999) Molecular evolution of the metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence in the esophagus. Am J Pathol 154:965–973
Jankowski JA, Provenzale D, Moayyedi P (2002) Esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett's metaplasia has regional variations in the West (systematic review). Gastroenterology 122:588–590
Jones MK, Wang H, Peskar BM, Levin E, Itani RM, Sarfeh IJ, Tarnawski AS (1999) Inhibition of angiogenesis by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: insight into mechanisms and implications for cancer growth and ulcer healing. Nat Med 5:1418–1423
Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Nelis F, Dent J, Snel P, Mitchell B, Prichard P, Lloyd D, Havu N, Frame MH, Romà n J, Walan A; Long-Term Study Group (2000) Long-term omeprazole treatment in resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease: efficacy, safety, and influence on gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology 118:661–669
Lagergren J, Bergstrom R, Lindgren A, Nyrén O (1999) Symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med 340:825–831
Moayyedi P, Burch N, Akhtar-Danesh N, Enaganti SK, Harrison R, Talley NJ, Jankowski J (2008) Mortality rates in patients with Barrett's oesophagus. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 27:316–320
Montgomery E, Goldblum JR, Greenson JK, Haber MM, Lamps LW, Lauwers GY, Lazenby AJ, Lewin DN, Robert ME, Washington K, Zahurak ML, Hart J (2001) Dysplasia as a predictive marker for invasive carcinoma in Barrett esophagus: a follow-up study based on 138 cases from a diagnostic variability study. Hum Pathol 32:379–388
Morris CD, Armstrong GR, Bigley G, Green H, Attwood SE (2001) Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the Barrett's metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarci-noma sequence. Am J Gastroenterol 96:990–996
Ouatu-Lascar R, Fitzgerald RC, Triadafilopoulos G (1999) Differentiation and proliferation in Barrett's esophagus and the effects of acid suppression. Gastroenterology 117:327–335
Peters FT, Ganesh S, Kuipers EJ, Sluiter WJ, Karrenbeld A, de Jager-Krikken A, Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Lamers CB, Kleibeuker JH (2000) Effect of elimination of acid reflux on epithelial cell proliferative activity of Barrett esophagus. Scand J Gastroenterol 35:1238–1244
Peters JH, Clark G W, Ireland A P, Chandrasoma P, Smyrk TC, DeMeester TR (1994) Outcome of adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus in endoscopically surveyed and nonsurveyed patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 108:813–821
Pohl H, Welch HG (2005) The role of overdiagnosis and reclassification in the marked increase of esophageal adenocarcinomas incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst 97:142–146
Provenzale D, Schmitt C, Wong JB (1999) Barrett's esophagus: a new look at surveillance based on emerging estimates of cancer risk. Am J Gastroenterol 94:2043–2053
Ragunath K, Krasner N, Raman VS, Haqqani MT, Phillips CJ, Cheung I (2005) Endoscopic abla tion of dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus compar ing argon plasma coagulation and photodynamic therapy: a randomized prospective trial assessing efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Scand J Gastroenterol 40:750–758
Shaheen NJ, Crosby MA, Bozymski EM, Sandler RS (2000) Is there publication bias in the reporting of cancer risk in Barrett's esophagus?. Gastroenterology 119:333–338
Sharma P, Falk G W, Weston A P, Reker D, Johnston M, Sampliner RE (2006) Dysplasia and cancer in a large multicentre cohort of patients with Barrett's esophagus. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 4:566–572
Solaymani-Dodaran M, Logan R F, West J, Card T (2005) Mortality associated with Barrett's esophagus and gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnoses—a population-based cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol 100:2616–2621
Souza RF, Shewmake K, Terada LS, Spechler SJ (2002) Acid exposure activates the mitogen-acti-vated protein kinase pathways in Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 122:299–307
Spechler SJ, Robbins AH, Rubins HB, Vincent ME, Heeren T, Doos WG, Colton T, Schimmel EM (1984) Adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus. An overrated risk?. Gastroenterology 87: 927–933
Thomas T, Abrams KR, de Caestecker JS, Robinson RJ (2007) Meta analysis:cancer risk in Barrett's oesophagus. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26:1465–1477
Tsujii M, DuBois RN (1995) Alterations in cellular adhesion and apoptosis in epithelial cells overex-pressing prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2. Cell 83:493–501
Tsujii M, Kawano S, DuBois RN (1997) Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human colon cancer cells increases metastatic potential. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:3336–3340
Umansky M, Yasui W, Hallak A, Brill S, Shapira I, Halpern Z, Hibshoosh H, Rattan J, Meltzer S, Tahara E, Arber N (2001) Proton pump inhibitors reduce cell cycle abnormalities in Barrett's esophagus. Oncogene 20:7987–7991
Vaezi MF, Richter JE (1996) Role of acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux in gastroeso-phageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 111:1192–1199
Vaughan TL, Dong LM, Blount PL, Ayub K, Odze RD, Sanchez CA, Rabinovitch PS, Reid BJ (2005) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of neoplastic progression in Barrett's oesophagus:a prospective study. Lancet Oncol 6:945–952
Wang KK, Sampliner RE (2008) Updated Guidelines 2008 for the diagnosis, surveillance and therapy of Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 103:788–797
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Das, D., Chilton, A.P., Jankowski, J.A. (2009). Chemoprevention of Oesophageal Cancer and the AspECT Trial. In: Senn, HJ., Kapp, U., Otto, F. (eds) Cancer Prevention II. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 181. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69297-3_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69297-3_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-69296-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69297-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)