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Management of Non-indigenous Lacustrine Animals

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Lake Restoration Handbook

Abstract

Numerous non-indigenous species have established populations in New Zealand lake ecosystems, including some relatively recently, and many others are likely unrecognised. Control or eradication as part of lake restoration programmes is more achievable for vertebrate than invertebrate species once established. Focus for management of smaller species must, therefore, be placed on preventing initial establishment rather than post-establishment control. Eradication of the Australian marron (Cherax tenuimanus) from New Zealand is a rare example of eradication success for an invertebrate. Even for vertebrates, while control is possible with ongoing effort, complete eradication is typically difficult, even within a single waterbody. This has been achieved using piscicides and drainage in some parts of New Zealand, although examples exist overseas of successful eradication of fish through concerted integrated management. Netting, trapping, electro-fishing and use of cages, baits and one-way barriers have been used for control purposes in New Zealand, but the ecological outcomes have largely gone unmonitored. Emerging and future technologies that may assist in the management of non-indigenous fish include the use of pheromones to enhance capture rates, the introduction of taxon-specific pathogens and the genetic modification of fish to produce single-sex (male-only) progeny. Environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques show promise for early detection of vertebrate invaders. Warming of lakes due to climate change may increase the number of species able to establish populations and also the potential for serious parasites to be carried by some invaders.

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Correspondence to Ian C. Duggan .

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Duggan, I.C., Collier, K. (2018). Management of Non-indigenous Lacustrine Animals. In: Hamilton, D., Collier, K., Quinn, J., Howard-Williams, C. (eds) Lake Restoration Handbook. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93043-5_9

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