Abstract
Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is a powder based subcategory of metal additive manufacturing. In L-PBF systems an inert gas flow is used to avoid oxidation of the metal alloy powder and components but is also used to remove unwanted by-products produced from the vaporisation of material. By-products produced during in L-PBF can cause attenuation of the laser and re-deposition of unwanted by-products over the processing area which can affect the mechanical properties of as built components. The two main by-products produced in L-PBF are spatter caused from melt pool instabilities and recoil pressure from the metal vapour plume, and particulate condensates. A multiphase computational fluid dynamics model developed in ANSYS Fluent simulates the argon gas flow in a Renishaw AM250 machine validated using hotwire anemometry testing. This model is then coupled with a spatter expulsion discrete phase model supported by high speed imaging analysis and a tertiary phase model for a representative expulsion of particulate condensates is developed.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the Additive Manufacturing Products Division at Renishaw Plc., and the Engineering Doctoral Training schemes MATTER (ESPRC funded) and Materials and Manufacturing Academy M2A (European Social Fund). In addition, the authors would like to acknowledge the Centre for Materials Advanced Characterisation (MACH1) for the use of state-of-the-art equipment funded by the Welsh Government and the Advanced Sustainable Manufacturing Technologies (ASTUTE 2020) funded by the Welsh European Funding Office.
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© 2018 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
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Philo, A.M. et al. (2018). A Multiphase CFD Model for the Prediction of Particulate Accumulation in a Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process. In: Nastac, L., Pericleous, K., Sabau, A., Zhang, L., Thomas, B. (eds) CFD Modeling and Simulation in Materials Processing 2018. TMS 2018. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72059-3_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72059-3_7
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