Abstract
The concept of resilience is receiving increasing interest in the field of career development. However, there is no consensus on the definition of career resilience, which considerably limits the scope of research on this topic. In this chapter, we start by considering the concept of resilience in the light of the living system framework (LSF; Ford in Humans as self-constructing living systems: A developmental perspective on behavior and personality. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 1987). This first step allows us to propose an operational definition of career resilience as effective vocational functioning under disabling circumstances. A convenient way to study career resilience is suggested accordingly. Ethical challenges related with attempts to promote career resilience through counseling interventions are emphasized, as well as suggestions to foster career resilience perceived self-efficacy.
References
Anderson, M. L., Goodman, J., & Schlossberg, N. K. (2012). Counseling adults in transition (4th ed.). New York, NY: Springer.
Arbona, C., & Coleman, N. (2008). Risk and resilience. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of counseling psychology (4th ed., pp. 483–499). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Arora, R., & Rangnekar, S. (2016a). The interactive effects of conscientiousness and agreeableness on career commitment. Journal of Employment Counseling, 53, 14–29. doi:10.1002/joec.12025.
Arora, R., & Rangnekar, S. (2016b). Linking the big five personality factors and career commitment dimensions a study of the Indian organizations. Journal of Management Development, 35, 1134–1148. doi:10.1108/Jmd-10-2015-0142.
Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37, 122–147. doi:10.1037//0003-066x.37.2.122.
Barto, H., Lambert, S., & Brott, P. (2015). Career adaptability, resiliency and perceived obstacles to career development of adolescent mothers. The Professional Counselor, 5, 53–66. doi:10.15241/hb.5.1.53.
Bimrose, J., & Hearne, L. (2012). Resilience and career adaptability: Qualitative studies of adult career counseling. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81, 338–344. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2012.08.002.
Block, J. H., & Block, J. (1980). The role of ego-control and ego-resiliency in the organization of behavior. In W. Collins (Ed.), Development of cognition, affect, and social relations: The Minnesota symposia on child psychology (Vol. 13, pp. 39–101). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Blustein, D. L., Olle, C., Connors-Kellgren, A., & Diamonti, A. J. (2016). Decent work: A psychological perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. doi:10.3389/Fpsyg.2016.00407.
Bonanno, G. A., Westphal, M., & Mancini, A. D. (2011). Resilience to loss and potential trauma. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 7, 511–535. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104526.
Britt, T. W., Shen, W., Sinclair, R. R., Grossman, M. R., & Klieger, D. M. (2016). How much do we really know about employee resilience? Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 9, 378–404. doi:10.1017/iop.2015.107.
Bynner, J., & Parsons, S. (2002). Social exclusion and the transition from school to work: The case of young people not in education, employment, or training (NEET). Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60, 289–309. doi:10.1006/Jvbe.2001.1868.
Clendon, J., & Walker, L. (2016). The juxtaposition of ageing and nursing: The challenges and enablers of continuing to work in the latter stages of a nursing career. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72, 1065–1074. doi:10.1111/jan.12896.
Coetzee, M., Mogale, P. M., & Potgieter, I. L. (2015). Moderating role of affectivity in career resilience and career anchors. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 25, 438–447. doi:10.1080/14330237.2015.1101272.
Crosnoe, R., & Elder, G. H. (2004). Family dynamics, supportive relationships, and educational resilience during adolescence. Journal of Family Issues, 25, 571–602. doi:10.1177/0192513X03258307.
Di Maggio, I., Ginevra, M. C., Nota, L., & Soresi, S. (2016). Development and validation of an instrument to assess future orientation and resilience in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 51, 114–122. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.06.005.
Duckworth, K., & Schoon, I. (2012). Beating the odds: Exploring the impact of social risk on young people’s school-to-work transitions during recession in the UK. National Institute Economic Review, 222, 38–51.
Duffy, R. D., Blustein, D. L., Diemer, M. A., & Autin, K. L. (2016). The psychology of working theory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63, 127–148. doi:10.1037/cou0000140.
Fleig-Palmer, M. M., Luthans, K. W., & Mandernach, B. J. (2009). Successful reemployment through resiliency development. Journal of Career Development, 35, 228–247. doi:10.1177/0894845308327271.
Ford, D. H. (1987). Humans as self-constructing living systems: A developmental perspective on behavior and personality. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Ford, M. E. (1992). Motivating humans: Goals, emotions and personal agency beliefs. London, UK: Sage.
Fouad, N. A., & Bynner, J. (2008). Work transitions. American Psychologist, 63, 241–251. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.63.4.241.
Fourie, C., & Van Vuuren, L. J. (1998). Defining and measuring career resilience. Journal of Industrial Psychology, 24, 57–59. doi:10.4102/sajip.v24i3.662.
Frey, A., Schober, K., & Hollinger, C. (2014). Special issue: Social justice, prosperity, and sustainable employment as a challenge for career guidance. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 14, 1–4. doi:10.1007/s10775-014-9263-5.
Fugate, M., Kinicki, A. J., & Ashforth, B. E. (2004). Employability: A psycho-social construct, its dimensions, and applications. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 14–38. doi:10.1016/J.Jvb.2003.10.005.
Garmezy, N. (1974). The study of competence in children at risk for severe psychopathology. In E. J. Anthony & C. Koupernik (Eds.), The child in his family: Children at psychiatric risk (Vol. 3, pp. 77–97). New York, NY: Wiley.
Garmezy, N. (1985). Stress-resistant children: The search for protective factors. In A. Davids (Ed.), Recent research in developmental psychopathology (pp. 213–233). Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press.
Goodman, J. (1994). Career adaptability in adults: A construct whose time has come. The Career Development Quarterly, 43, 74. doi:10.1002/j.2161-0045.1994.tb00848.x.
Guichard, J. (2015). From vocational guidance and career counseling to life design dialogues. In L. Nota & J. Rossier (Eds.), Handbook of life design (pp. 11–25). Boston, MA: Hogrefe.
Kim, S. R., & Lee, S. M. (2017). Resilient college students in school-to-work transition. International Journal of Stress Management, Advance online publication. doi:10.1037/str0000060.
Kolar, C., von Treuer, K., & Koh, C. (2017). Resilience in early-career psychologists: Investigating challenges, strategies, facilitators, and the training pathway. Australian Psychologist, 52, 198–208. doi:10.1111/ap.12197.
Kossek, E. E., & Perrigino, M. B. (2016). Resilience: A review using a grounded integrated occupational approach. Academy of Management Annals, 10, 729–797. doi:10.1080/19416520.2016.1159878.
Krumboltz, J. D. (2009). The happenstance learning theory. Journal of Career Assessment, 17, 135–154. doi:10.1177/1069072708328861.
Leary, K. A., & DeRosier, M. E. (2012). Factors promoting positive adaptation and resilience during the transition to college. Psychology, 3, 1215–1222. doi:10.4236/psych.2012.312A180.
Leong, F. T. L., & Ott-Holland, C. (2015). Career adaptability: Theory and measurement. In D. Chan (Ed.), Individual adaptability to changes at work: New directions in research. New York, NY: Routledge.
London, M. (1983). Toward a theory of career motivation. Academy of Management Review, 8, 620–630. doi:10.5465/AMR.1983.4284664.
London, M. (1993). Relationships between career motivation, empowerment and support for career development. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 66, 55–69. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1993.tb00516.x.
Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 695–706. doi:10.1002/job.165.
Luthar, S. S. (2006). Resilience in development: A synthesis for research across five decades. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Risk, disorder, and adaptation (2nd ed., Vol. 3, pp. 739–795). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71, 543–562. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00164.
Luthar, S. S., & Cushing, G. (1999). Measurement issues in the empirical study of resilience: An overview. In M. D. Glantz & J. L. Johnson (Eds.), Resilience and development: Positive life adaptations (pp. 129–159). New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press.
Lyons, S. T., Schweitzer, L., & Ng, E. S. W. (2015). Resilience in the modern career. Career Development International, 20, 363–383. doi:10.1108/CDI-02-2015-0024, 10.1108/CDI-06-2014-0080.
Martin, A. J., & Marsh, H. W. (2006). Academic resilience and its psychological and educational correlates: A construct validity approach. Psychology in the Schools, 43, 267–281. doi:10.1002/pits.20149.
Masdonati, J. (2002). Faire face à la vulnérabilité sur le marché du travail [Coping with labor market vulnerabilities]. In V. Châtel & M.-H. Soulet (Eds.), Faire face et s’en sortir [Facing and coping] (pp. 123–130). Fribourg, Switzerland: Éditions Universitaires de Fribourg.
Masdonati, J., & Massoudi, K. (2012). L’accompagnement de la transition école-travail. In P. Curchod, P.-A. Doudin, & L. Lafortune (Eds.), Les transitions à l’école (pp. 151–177). Québec, Canada: Presses de l’Université du Québec.
Masten, A. S., Burt, K. B., Roisman, G. I., Obradovic, J., Long, J. D., & Tellegen, A. (2004). Resources and resilience in the transition to adulthood: Continuity and change. Development and Psychopathology, 16, 1071–1094. doi:10.1017/S0954579404040143.
Masten, A. S., & Coatsworth, J. D. (1998). The development of competence in favorable and unfavorable environments: Lessons from research on successful children. American Psychologist, 53, 205–220. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.53.2.205.
Masten, A. S., & Powell, J. L. (2003). A resilience framework for research, policy and practice. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 1–25). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Masten, A. S., & Tellegen, A. (2012). Resilience in developmental psychopathology: Contributions of the project competence longitudinal study. Development and Psychopathology, 24, 345–361. doi:10.1017/S095457941200003X.
McDonald, G., Jackson, D., Vickers, M. H., & Wilkes, L. (2016). Surviving workplace adversity: A qualitative study of nurses and midwives and their strategies to increase personal resilience. Journal of Nursing Management, 24, 123–131. doi:10.1111/jonm.12293.
McGonigal, J. (2015). SuperBetter: A revolutionary approach to getting stronger, happier, braver and more resilient. New York, NY: Penguin Press.
Molenaar, P. C. M. (2004). A manifesto on psychology as idiographic science: Bringing the person back into scientific psychology, this time forever. Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research & Perspective, 2, 201–218. doi:10.1207/s15366359mea0204_1.
Moorhouse, A., & Caltabiano, M. L. (2007). Resilience and unemployment: Exploring risk and protective influences for the outcome variables of depression and assertive job searching. Journal of Employment Counseling, 44, 115–125. doi:10.1002/j.2161-1920.2007.tb00030.x.
Norris, F. H., Stevens, S. P., Pfefferbaum, B., Wyche, K. F., & Pfefferbaum, R. L. (2008). Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. American Journal of Community Psychology, 41, 127–150. doi:10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6.
Perez-Lopez, M. C., Gonzalez-Lopez, M. J., & Rodriguez-Ariza, L. (2016). Competencies for entrepreneurship as a career option in a challenging employment environment. Career Development International, 21, 214–229. doi:10.1108/Cdi-07-2015-0102.
Pryor, R. G. L., & Bright, J. E. H. (2008). Archetypal narratives in career counselling: A chaos theory application. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 8, 71–82. doi:10.1007/s10775-008-9138-8.
Rothstein, M. G., McLarnon, M. J. W., & King, G. (2016). The role of self-regulation in workplace resiliency. Industrial and Organizational Psychology-Perspectives on Science and Practice, 9, 416–421. doi:10.1017/iop.2016.32.
Rutter, M. (1987). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Orthopsychiatric Association, 57, 316–331. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1987.tb03541.x.
Rutter, M. (2012). Resilience as a dynamic concept. Development and Psychopathology, 24, 335–344. doi:10.1017/S0954579412000028.
Santilli, S., Ginevra, M. C., Sgaramella, T. M., Nota, L., Ferrari, L., & Soresi, S. (2015). Design my future: An instrument to assess future orientation and resilience. Journal of Career Assessment. doi:10.1177/1069072715621524.
Savickas, M. L. (1997). Career adaptability: An integrative construct for life-span, life-space theory. The Career Development Quarterly, 45, 247–259.
Savickas, M. L. (2002). Career construction: A developmental theory of vocational behavior. In D. Brown (Ed.), Career choice and development (pp. 149–205). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J.-P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., et al. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, 239–250. doi:10.1016/J.Jvb.2009.04.004.
Schoon, I., & Bartley, M. (2008). Growing-up in poverty: The role of human capability and resilience. The Psychologist, 21, 24–27.
Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., & Heslin, P. A. (2016). Developing career resilience and adaptability. Organizational Dynamics, 45, 245–257. doi:10.1016/j.orgdyn.2016.07.009.
Sexton, T. L. (2011). Functional family therapy in clinical practice: An evidence-based treatment model for working with troubled adolescents. New York, NY: Routledge.
Shin, Y.-J., & Kelly, K. R. (2015). Resilience and decision-making strategies as predictors of career decision difficulties. Career Development Quarterly, 63, 291–305. doi:10.1002/cdq.12029.
Taylor, K. M., & Betz, N. E. (1983). Applications of self-efficacy theory to the understanding and treatment of career indecision. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 22, 63–81. doi:10.1016/0001-8791(83)90006-4.
Van Vuuren, L. J., & Fourie, C. (2000). Career anchors and career resilience: Supplementary constructs? Journal of Industrial Psychology, 26, 15–20. doi:10.4102/sajip.v26i3.714.
Vondracek, F. W., Ford, D. H., & Porfeli, E. (2015). A living systems theory of vocational behavior and development. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Willis, P. (1977). Learning to labor: How working class kids get working class jobs. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Windle, G. (2011). What is resilience? A review and concept analysis. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 21, 152–169. doi:10.1017/s0959259810000420.
Winwood, P. C., Colon, R., & McEwen, K. (2013). A practical measure of workplace resilience: Developing the resilience at work scale. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55, 1205–1212. doi:10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182a2a60a.
Yoon, J. D., Daley, B. M., & Curlin, F. A. (2017). The association between a sense of calling and physician well-being: A national study of primary care physicians and psychiatrists. Academic Psychiatry, 41, 167–173. doi:10.1007/s40596-016-0487-1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rochat, S., Masdonati, J., Dauwalder, JP. (2017). Determining Career Resilience. In: Maree, K. (eds) Psychology of Career Adaptability, Employability and Resilience . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66954-0_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66954-0_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-66953-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-66954-0
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)