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Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD

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Pulmonary Vasculature Redox Signaling in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 967))

Abstract

The calcium-dependent cytosolic, neutral, thiol endopeptidases, calpains, perform limited cleavage of their substrates thereby irreversibly changing their functions. Calpains have been shown to be involved in several physiological processes such as cell motility, proliferation, cell cycle, signal transduction, and apoptosis. Overactivation of calpain or mutations in the calpain genes contribute to a number of pathological conditions including neurodegenerative disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and lung diseases. High concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) originated from cigarette smoke or released by numerous cell types such as activated inflammatory cells and other respiratory cells cause oxidative and nitrosative stress contributing to the pathogenesis of COPD. RONS and calpain play important roles in the development of airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD. Published data show that increased RONS production is associated with increased calpain activation and/or elevated calpain protein level, leading to epithelial or endothelial barrier dysfunction, neovascularization, lung inflammation, increased smooth muscle cell proliferation, and deposition of extracellular matrix protein. Further investigation of the redox-dependent calpain signaling may provide future targets for the prevention and treatment of COPD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Laszlo Kovacs & Yunchao Su M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Yunchao Su M.D., Ph.D.

  3. Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Yunchao Su M.D., Ph.D.

  4. Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Yunchao Su M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Laszlo Kovacs
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  2. Yunchao Su M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Yunchao Su M.D., Ph.D. .

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  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA

    Yong-Xiao Wang

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Kovacs, L., Su, Y. (2017). Redox-Dependent Calpain Signaling in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in COPD. In: Wang, YX. (eds) Pulmonary Vasculature Redox Signaling in Health and Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 967. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_9

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