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Vitamin D, Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors

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Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 996))

Abstract

Observational studies have suggested a possible protective role of vitamin D on the cardiovascular system. The available evidence does not support either cardiovascular benefits or harms of vitamin D supplementation. This chapter provides an overview and discussion of the current knowledge of vitamin D effects from a cardiovascular health perspective. It focuses on vitamin D in relation to cardiovascular disease, i.e. ischemic heart disease, and stroke; the traditional cardiovascular risk factors hypertension, abnormal blood lipids, obesity; and the emerging risk factors hyperparathyroidism, microalbuminuria, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Meta-analyses of observational studies have largely found vitamin D levels to be inversely associated with cardiovascular risk and disease. However, Mendelian randomization studies and randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have not been able to consistently replicate the observational findings. Several RCTs are ongoing, and the results from these are needed to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency is a causal and reversible factor to prevent cardiovascular disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark

    Tea Skaaby, Betina H. Thuesen & Allan Linneberg

  2. Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark

    Allan Linneberg

  3. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Allan Linneberg

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  1. Tea Skaaby
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  2. Betina H. Thuesen
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  3. Allan Linneberg
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Correspondence to Tea Skaaby .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom

    Shamim I. Ahmad

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Skaaby, T., Thuesen, B.H., Linneberg, A. (2017). Vitamin D, Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors. In: Ahmad, S. (eds) Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 996. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56017-5_18

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