Skip to main content

How “Bad” Are You? Justification and Normalisation of Online Deviant Customer Behaviour

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2017

Abstract

The study investigates online Deviant Customer Behaviour (DCB). Multidisciplinary research on neutralisation techniques justifying DCB was reviewed and expanded for considering the Internet context. Data collected from a convenience sample revealed four clusters of people exhibiting distinct behaviour engagement patterns of online DCB that they do not perceive them as ‘wrong’. Respondents did not claim to be ‘bad online users’ despite their engagement in online DCB. Instead of the number and level of engagement in online DCB, it was the level of perceived wrongness of online DCB that was found to statistically significantly relate to the respondents’ self-assessment level of being a ‘bad online user’. Findings about respondents’ perceptions of various neutralisation techniques revealed that respondents use different neutralisation techniques for justifying and adopting different online DCB. Findings provide useful implications for developing tailored deterrence management strategies for addressing the neutralisation techniques enforcing the enactment of different online DCB.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Akoglu, L., Chandy, R., & Faloutsos, C. (2013). Opinion fraud detection in online reviews by network effects. ICWSM, 13, 2–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 248–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, 193–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee, S., & Chua, A. Y. (2016). In search of patterns among travellers’ hotel ratings in TripAdvisor. Tourism Management, 53, 125–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blasi, A. (1984). Moral identity: Its role in moral functioning. In W. Kurtines & J. Gewirtz (Eds.), Morality, moral behavior and moral development (pp. 128–139). NY: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonner, S., & O’Higgins, E. (2010). Music piracy: Ethical perspectives. Management Decisions, 48(9), 1341–1354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, L., Zhou, Y., & Chiu, D. M. (2015). Analysis and detection of fake views in online video services. ACM Transactions, 11(2s), 44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cialdini, R. B. (1988). Influence. New York, NY: HarperCollins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J. W. (1994). Neutralization theory: An empirical application and assessment. PhD thesis, Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cromwell, P., & Thurman, Q. (2003). The devil made me do it: Use of neutralizations by shoplifters. Deviant Behavior, 24(6), 535–550.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daunt, K. L., Harris, L. C. (2011). Customers acting badly: Evidence from the hospitality industry. Journal of Business Research, 64(10), 1034–1042.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinhopl, A., & Gretzel, U. (2016). Selfie-taking as touristic looking. Annals of Tourism Research, 57, 126–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dolan, R., Conduit, J., & Fahy, J. (2016). Social media engagement: A construct of positively and negatively valenced engagement behaviour.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dootson, P., Johnston, K. A., Beatson, A., & Lings, I. (2016). Where do consumers draw the line? Factors informing perceptions and justifications of deviant consumer behaviour. Journal of Marketing Management, 32(7–8), 750–776.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Filieri, R., Alguezaui, S., & McLeay, F. (2015). Why do travelers trust TripAdvisor? Antecedents of trust towards consumer-generated media and its influence on recommendation adoption and word of mouth. Tourism Management, 51, 174–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fullerton, R. A., & Punj, G. (2004). Repercussions of promoting an ideology of consumption: Consumer misbehavior. Journal of Business Research, 57, 1239–1249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, L. C., & Dumas, A. (2009). Online consumer misbehaviour: An application of neutralization theory. Marketing Theory, 9(4), 379–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henry, S. (1990). Degrees of deviance, student accounts of their deviant behavior. Salem, WI: Sheffield Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jin, G., & Leslie, P. (2009). Reputational incentives for restaurant hygiene. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 1(1), 237–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J., Watson, J., & Kirmani, A. (2015). Red Flag! The effect of fake reviews on consumer evaluations. NA-Advances in Consumer Research, 43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klockers, C. B. (1974). The professional fence. New York, NY: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, B., Pennington-Gray, L., Donohoe, H., & Omodior, O. (2015). New York City bed bug crisis as framed by tourists on TripAdvisor. Tourism Analysis, 20(2), 243–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luca, M. (2011). Reviews, reputation, and revenue: The case of Yelp.com. Harvard Business School NOM Unit Working Paper (12-016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Luca, M., & Zervas, G. (2016). Fake it till you make it: Reputation, competition, and Yelp review fraud. Management Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Magasic, M. (2016). The ‘Selfie Gaze’ and ‘Social Media Pilgrimage’. In A. Inversini & R. Schegg (Eds.), ICT in Tourism 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, T. C., Lefringhausen, K., & Ferenczi, N. (2015). The Big Five, self-esteem, and narcissism as predictors of the topics people write about in Facebook status updates. Personality and Individual Differences, 85, 35–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayzlin, D., Dover, Y., & Chevalier, J. A. (2012). Promotional reviews: An empirical investigation of online review manipulation. Working Paper # 18340. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayzlin, D., Dover, Y., & Chevalier, J. (2014). Promotional reviews: An empirical investigation of online review manipulation. American Economic Review, 104(8), 2421–2455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mazar, N., Amir, O., & Ariely, D. (2008). The dishonesty of honest people: A theory of self-concept maintenance. Journal of Marketing Research, 45, 633–644.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGregor, S. L. T. (2008). Conceptualizing immoral and unethical consumption using neutralization theory. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 36(3), 261–276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munzel, A. (2016). Assisting consumers in detecting fake reviews: Role of identity information disclosure and consensus. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 32, 96–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neale, L., & Fullerton, S. (2010). The international search for ethics norms: Which behaviors do consumers consider un(acceptable)? Journal of Services Marketing, 24(6), 476–486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor, P. (2010). Managing a Hotel’s Image on TripAdvisor. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 19(7), 754–772.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu, L., Lu, J., Yang, S., Qu, W., & Zhu, T. (2015). What does your selfie say about you? Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 443–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckert, M., Liu, X., & Law, R. (2015). Hospitality and tourism online reviews: Recent trends and future directions. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 32(5), 608–621.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckert, M., Liu, X., & Law, R. (2016). Insights into suspicious online ratings: direct evidence from TripAdvisor. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21(3), 259–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Oleszkiewicz, A., Frackowiak, T., Huk, A., & Pisanski, K. (2015). Selfie posting behaviors are associated with narcissism among men. Personality and Individual Differences, 85, 123–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, G. M., & Matza, D. (1957). Techniques of neutralization: A theory of delinquency. American Sociological Review, 22(6), 664–670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D. G., Taylor, D. G., Strutton, D., & Strutton, D. (2016). Does Facebook usage lead to conspicuous consumption? The role of envy, narcissism and self-promotion. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 10(3), 231–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiser, E. B. (2015). #Me: Narcissism and its facets as predictors of selfie-posting frequency. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 477–481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkes, R. E. (1978). Fraudulent behavior by consumers. Journal of Marketing, 42(4), 67–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yoo, K. H. & Gretzel, U. (2009). Comparison of deceptive and truthful travel reviews. In ICT in tourism 2009 proceedings Amsterdam (pp. 37–47). Vienna: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marianna Sigala .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Cite this paper

Sigala, M. (2017). How “Bad” Are You? Justification and Normalisation of Online Deviant Customer Behaviour. In: Schegg, R., Stangl, B. (eds) Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2017. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51168-9_44

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics