Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 9953))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

This paper contains material for our tutorial presented at STRESS 2016. This includes an introduction to Statistical Model Checking algorithms and their rare event extensions, as well as an introduction to two well-known SMC tools: Plasma and Uppaal.

The research has received funding from the European FET projects SENSATION (http://www.sensation-project.eu/), Grant Agreement № 2888917 (DALI (http://www.ict-dali.eu/dali/)), and CASSTING (http://www.cassting-project.eu/), the Sino-Danish Basic Research Center IDEA4CPS (www.idea4cps), the Danish Innovation Center DiCyPS (www.dicyps.dk), as well as the ERC Advanced Grant LASSO and a CREATIVE Grant from the Brittany region.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Please note that \(\delta \) and \(\alpha \) do not have the same meaning as for the qualitative question.

  2. 2.

    https://project.inria.fr/plasma-lab/documentation/tutorial/igrida-experimentation/.

  3. 3.

    https://code.google.com/p/matlabcontrol/.

References

  1. Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., Dill, D.L.: Model-checking in dense real-time. Inf. Comput. 104(1), 2–34 (1993)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Alur, R., Dill, D.L.: A theory of timed automata. Theor. Comput. Sci. 126(2), 183–235 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Behrmann, G.: Distributed reachability analysis in timed automata. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transfer 7(1), 19–30 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Behrmann, G., Cougnard, A., David, A., Fleury, E., Larsen, K.G., Lime, D.: UPPAAL-Tiga: time for playing games!. In: Damm, W., Hermanns, H. (eds.) CAV 2007. LNCS, vol. 4590, pp. 121–125. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Behrmann, G., David, A., Larsen, K.G., Håkansson, J., Pettersson, P., Yi, W., Hendriks, M.: Uppaal 4.0. In: QEST. IEEE Computer Society (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Behrmann, G., David, A., Larsen, K.G., Pettersson, P., Yi, W.: Developing uppaal over 15 years. Softw. Pract. Exper. 41(2), 133–142 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Behrmann, G., David, A., Larsen, K.G., Yi, W.: Unification & sharing in timed automata verification. In: Ball, T., Rajamani, S.K. (eds.) SPIN 2003. LNCS, vol. 2648, pp. 225–229. Springer, Heidelberg (2003). doi:10.1007/3-540-44829-2_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Behrmann, G., Fehnker, A., Hune, T., Larsen, K., Pettersson, P., Romijn, J.: Efficient guiding towards cost-optimality in UPPAAL. In: Margaria, T., Yi, W. (eds.) TACAS 2001. LNCS, vol. 2031, pp. 174–188. Springer, Heidelberg (2001). doi:10.1007/3-540-45319-9_13

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Behrmann, G., Fehnker, A., Hune, T., Larsen, K., Pettersson, P., Romijn, J., Vaandrager, F.: Minimum-cost reachability for priced time automata. In: Benedetto, M.D., Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A. (eds.) HSCC 2001. LNCS, vol. 2034, pp. 147–161. Springer, Heidelberg (2001). doi:10.1007/3-540-45351-2_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Behrmann, G., Hune, T., Vaandrager, F.: Distributing timed model checking — how the search order matters. In: Emerson, E.A., Sistla, A.P. (eds.) CAV 2000. LNCS, vol. 1855, pp. 216–231. Springer, Heidelberg (2000). doi:10.1007/10722167_19

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Behrmann, G., Larsen, K.G., Pearson, J., Weise, C., Yi, W.: Efficient timed reachability analysis using clock difference diagrams. In: Halbwachs, N., Peled, D. (eds.) CAV 1999. LNCS, vol. 1633, pp. 341–353. Springer, Heidelberg (1999). doi:10.1007/3-540-48683-6_30

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Boyer, B., Corre, K., Legay, A., Sedwards, S.: PLASMA-lab: A Flexible, Distributable Statistical Model Checking Library. In: Joshi, K., Siegle, M., Stoelinga, M., D’Argenio, P.R. (eds.) QEST 2013. LNCS, vol. 8054, pp. 160–164. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40196-1_12

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Bulychev, P.E., David, A., Larsen, K.G., Legay, A., Mikucionis, M.: Computing nash equilibrium in wireless ad hoc networks: a simulation-based approach. In: IWIGP. EPTCS, vol. 78 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Colombo, A., Fontanelli, D., Gandhi, D., De Angeli, A., Palopoli, L., Sedwards, S., Legay, A.: Behavioural templates improve robot motion planning with social force model in human environments. In: EFTA. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Colombo, A., Fontanelli, D., Legay, A., Palopoli, L., Sedwards, S.: Motion planning in crowds using statistical model checking to enhance the social force model. In: CDC. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  16. David, A., Jensen, P.G., Larsen, K.G., Legay, A., Lime, D., Sørensen, M.G., Taankvist, J.H.: On time with minimal expected cost!. In: Cassez, F., Raskin, J.-F. (eds.) ATVA 2014. LNCS, vol. 8837, pp. 129–145. Springer, Heidelberg (2014). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11936-6_10

    Google Scholar 

  17. David, A., Jensen, P.G., Larsen, K.G., Mikučionis, M., Taankvist, J.H.: Uppaal Stratego. In: Baier, C., Tinelli, C. (eds.) TACAS 2015. LNCS, vol. 9035, pp. 206–211. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). doi:10.1007/978-3-662-46681-0_16

    Google Scholar 

  18. David, A., Larsen, K.G., Legay, A., Mikucionis, M.: Schedulability of herschel revisited using statistical model checking. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transfer 17(2), 187–199 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. David, A., Larsen, K.G., Legay, A., Mikučionis, M., Poulsen, D.B., Sedwards, S.: Runtime verification of biological systems. In: Margaria, T., Steffen, B. (eds.) ISoLA 2012, Part I. LNCS, vol. 7609, pp. 388–404. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34026-0_29

    Google Scholar 

  20. David, A., Larsen, K.G., Legay, A., Mikucionis, M., Poulsen, D.B., Sedwards, S.: Statistical model checking for biological systems. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transfer 17(3), 351–367 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. David, A., Larsen, K.G., Legay, A., Mikučionis, M., Wang, Z.: Time for statistical model checking of real-time systems. In: Gopalakrishnan, G., Qadeer, S. (eds.) CAV 2011. LNCS, vol. 6806, pp. 349–355. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-22110-1_27

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. David, A., Möller, M.O., Yi, W.: Formal verification of UML statecharts with real-time extensions. In: Kutsche, R.-D., Weber, H. (eds.) FASE 2002. LNCS, vol. 2306, pp. 218–232. Springer, Heidelberg (2002). doi:10.1007/3-540-45923-5_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Helbing, D., Molnár, P.: Social force model for pedestrian dynamics. Phys. Rev. E 51(5), 4282–4286 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Hendriks, M., Larsen, K.G.: Exact acceleration of real-time model checking. In: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 65. Elsevier Science Publishers, April 2002

    Google Scholar 

  25. Henzinger, T.A., Ho, P.: Algorithmic analysis of nonlinear hybrid systems. In: CAV

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hérault, T., Lassaigne, R., Magniette, F., Peyronnet, S.: Approximate probabilistic model checking. In: Steffen, B., Levi, G. (eds.) VMCAI 2004. LNCS, vol. 2937, pp. 73–84. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). doi:10.1007/978-3-540-24622-0_8

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Jegourel, C., Legay, A., Sedwards, S.: A platform for high performance statistical model checking – PLASMA. In: Flanagan, C., König, B. (eds.) TACAS 2012. LNCS, vol. 7214, pp. 498–503. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28756-5_37

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  28. Jegourel, C., Legay, A., Sedwards, S.: Cross-entropy optimisation of importance sampling parameters for statistical model checking. In: Madhusudan, P., Seshia, S.A. (eds.) CAV 2012. LNCS, vol. 7358, pp. 327–342. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31424-7_26

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. Jegourel, C., Legay, A., Sedwards, S.: Importance splitting for statistical model checking rare properties. In: Sharygina, N., Veith, H. (eds.) CAV 2013. LNCS, vol. 8044, pp. 576–591. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39799-8_38

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Jégourel, C., Legay, A., Sedwards, S., Traonouez, L.: Distributed verification of rare properties using importance splitting observers. ECEASST (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Kahn, H., Marshall, A.W.: Methods of reducing sample size in Monte Carlo computations. Oper. Res. 1(5), 263–278 (1953)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Larsen, K., Behrmann, G., Brinksma, E., Fehnker, A., Hune, T., Pettersson, P., Romijn, J.: As cheap as possible: effcient cost-optimal reachability for priced timed automata. In: Berry, G., Comon, H., Finkel, A. (eds.) CAV 2001. LNCS, vol. 2102, pp. 493–505. Springer, Heidelberg (2001). doi:10.1007/3-540-44585-4_47

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  33. Larsen, K.G., Pettersson, P., Yi, W.: Uppaal in a nutshell. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transfer 1(1), 134–152 (1997)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Larsen, K.G., Skou, A.: Bisimulation through probabilistic testing. Inf. Comput. 94(1), 1–28 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Larsson, F., Larsen, K.G., Pettersson, P., Yi, W.: Efficient verification of real-time systems: compact data structures and state-space reduction. In: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE Computer Society Press, December 1997

    Google Scholar 

  36. Okamoto, M.: Some inequalities relating to the partial sum of binomial probabilities. Ann. Inst. Stat. Math. 10(1), 29–35 (1959)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Sen, K., Viswanathan, M., Agha, G.: Statistical model checking of black-box probabilistic systems. In: Alur, R., Peled, D.A. (eds.) CAV 2004. LNCS, vol. 3114, pp. 202–215. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). doi:10.1007/978-3-540-27813-9_16

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  38. Sen, K., Viswanathan, M., Agha, G.: On statistical model checking of stochastic systems. In: Etessami, K., Rajamani, S.K. (eds.) CAV 2005. LNCS, vol. 3576, pp. 266–280. Springer, Heidelberg (2005). doi:10.1007/11513988_26

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  39. Sen, K., Viswanathan, M., Agha, G.A.: VESTA: a statistical model-checker and analyzer for probabilistic systems. In: QEST. IEEE Computer Society (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Wald, A.: Sequential tests of statistical hypotheses. Ann. Math. Stat. 16(2), 117–186 (1945)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. Wognsen, E.R., Haverkort, B.R., Jongerden, M., Hansen, R.R., Larsen, K.G.: A score function for optimizing the cycle-life of battery-powered embedded systems. In: Sankaranarayanan, S., Vicario, E. (eds.) FORMATS 2015. LNCS, vol. 9268, pp. 305–320. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22975-1_20

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  42. Yi, W., Pettersson, P., Daniels, M.: Automatic verification of real-time communicating systems by constraint-solving. In: Proceedings of the 7th IFIP WG6.1 International Conference on Formal Description Techniques VII. Chapman & Hall Ltd., London (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Younes, H.L.S.: Verification and Planning for Stochastic Processes with Asynchronous Events. Ph.D. thesis, Carnegie Mellon (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Zuliani, P., Platzer, A., Clarke, E.M.: Bayesian statistical model checking with application to Stateflow/Simulink verification. Formal Methods Syst. Des. 43(2), 191–232 (2013)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Axel Legay .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Cite this paper

Larsen, K.G., Legay, A. (2016). On the Power of Statistical Model Checking. In: Margaria, T., Steffen, B. (eds) Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation: Discussion, Dissemination, Applications. ISoLA 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9953. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47169-3_62

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47169-3_62

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-47168-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-47169-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics