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Fundamental Principles of Stem Cell Banking

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Biobanking and Cryopreservation of Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 951))

Abstract

Stem cells are highly promising resources for application in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, drug discovery, toxicology and developmental biology research. Stem cell banks have been increasingly established all over the world in order to preserve their cellular characteristics, prevent contamination and deterioration, and facilitate their effective use in basic and translational research, as well as current and future clinical application. Standardization and quality control during banking procedures are essential to allow researchers from different labs to compare their results and to develop safe and effective new therapies. Furthermore, many stem cells come from once-in-a-life time tissues. Cord blood for example, thrown away in the past, can be used to treat many diseases such as blood cancers nowadays. Meanwhile, these cells stored and often banked for long periods can be immediately available for treatment when needed and early treatment can minimize disease progression. This paper provides an overview of the fundamental principles of stem cell banking, including: (i) a general introduction of the construction and architecture commonly used for stem cell banks; (ii) a detailed section on current quality management practices; (iii) a summary of questions we should consider for long-term storage, such as how long stem cells can be stored stably, how to prevent contamination during long term storage, etc.; (iv) the prospects for stem cell banking.

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Abbreviations

AMI:

Acute myocardial infarction

CFC:

Colony-forming cells

CGMP:

Current good manufacturing practice

CJD:

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

EBV:

Epstein-Barr virus

EMA:

European Medicines Agency

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

GMP:

Good manufacturing practice

GvHD:

Graft versus host disease

HBV:

Hepatitis B virus

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

HSCs:

Hematopoietic stem cells

HTLV:

Human T-cell leukemia virus

ICH:

International conference on harmonization

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

LAL:

Limulus amebocyte lysate test method

MCB:

Master cell bank

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

NRA:

National regulatory authority

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

QA:

Quality assurance

QC:

Quality control

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

SPCs:

Spermatogonial stem cells

STR:

Short tandem repeat

UCB:

Umbilical cord blood

WCB:

Working cell bank

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Acknowledgements

Preparation of this report was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31401259) and the Shenzhen Municipal Government of China (NO. JCYJ20140418203036946).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518083, China

    Changbin Sun, Jianhui Yue, Na He, Yaqiong Liu & Xi Zhang

  2. Huahan Gene Research Institute (HHGene), Futian District, Shenzhen, 518083, China

    Yong Zhang

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  1. Changbin Sun
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  2. Jianhui Yue
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  3. Na He
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  4. Yaqiong Liu
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  5. Xi Zhang
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  6. Yong Zhang
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Correspondence to Yong Zhang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Feridoun Karimi-Busheri

  2. Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Michael Weinfeld

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Sun, C., Yue, J., He, N., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y. (2016). Fundamental Principles of Stem Cell Banking. In: Karimi-Busheri, F., Weinfeld, M. (eds) Biobanking and Cryopreservation of Stem Cells. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 951. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_3

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