Skip to main content

Discourse and Practice of Transitions in International Policymaking on Resource Efficiency in the EU

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook on Sustainability Transition and Sustainable Peace

Part of the book series: Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace ((HSHES,volume 10))

Abstract

For a number of years now, ‘transitions’ has been the new buzzword in international policy-making. The emergence of an international transitions discourse is linked to debates on the green economy and a low carbon society, and is manifested within the UN system as well as in EU discussions. Does the apparent political appeal of a concept that introduces fundamental changes mean more than the superficial use of the word ‘transition’? And how far is it also translated into policy? This chapter analyses international policy initiatives from the perspective of sustainability transitions, with the aim of moving towards a better understanding of the potential role of international policy-making in current and future transitions. A case study of the European Commission’s policy initiatives on resource efficiency demonstrates a remarkably strong awareness of transitions thinking, consistently integrated into the discourse with the intention of creating a sense of urgency and convincing other actors of the need for fundamental change. Furthermore, transitions thinking has served as the inspiration for a number of principles, goals and instruments, such as the European Resource Efficiency Platform.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Althaus, Lisa-Marie, 2013: Green Transformation towards Sustainable Development? A Comparative Analysis of the Green Transformation Concepts by UNEP, OECD, and WBGU through the Lens of Sustainable Development (Duisburg/Bochum: UAMR Graduate Centre for Development Studies).

    Google Scholar 

  • Audet, Rene, 2014: “The double hermeneutic of sustainability transitions”, in: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 11: 46–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Backstrand, Karin; Elgstrom, Ole, 2013: “The EU’s role in climate change negotiations: from leader to ‘leadiator’”, in: Journal of European Public Policy; at: <DOI:10.1080/13501763.2013.781781>.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bina, Olivia, 2013: “The green economy and sustainable development: an uneasy balance?”, in: Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 31: 1023–1047.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bussels, Matthias; Happaerts, Sander; Bruyninckx, Hans, 2013: Evaluating and monitoring transition initiatives. Lessons from a field scan (Leuven: Steunpunt TRADO).

    Google Scholar 

  • Council of the EU, 2009: An integrated approach to a competitive and sustainable industrial policy in the European Union (Brussels: Competitiveness Council).

    Google Scholar 

  • Council of the EU, 2011: Roadmap to a resource-efficient Europe—Draft Council conclusions (Brussels: Council of the European Union).

    Google Scholar 

  • Council of the EU, 2012: Conclusions on setting the framework for a Seventh EU Environment Action Programme (Luxembourg: Council of the European Union).

    Google Scholar 

  • Daviter, Falk, 2007: “Policy Framing in the European Union”, in: Journal of European Public Policy, 14,4: 654–666.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dedeurwaerdere, Tom, 2013: Sustainability Science for Strong Sustainability (Louvain-la-Neuve: Universite catholique de Louvain).

    Google Scholar 

  • Delreux, Tom; Happaerts, Sander, 2016: Environmental Policy and Politics in the European Union (London: Palgrave).

    Google Scholar 

  • EEA [European Environment Agency], 2011: BLOSSOM—Bridging long-term scenario and strategy analysis: organisation and methods. A cross-country analysis (Copenhagen: EEA).

    Google Scholar 

  • EEA [European Environment Agency], 2014: Multiannual Work Programme 20142018. Expanding the knowledge base for policy implementation and long-term transitions (Copenhagen: EEA).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2013: “Circular Economy”; at: <http://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circulareconomy> (19 March 2014).

  • European Commission, 2005: Thematic strategy on the sustainable use of natural resources (Brussels: Commission of the European Communities).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2010: Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe (Impact Assessment roadmap) (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2011a: Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2011b: A Roadmap for moving to a competitive low carbon economy in 2050 (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2011c: Analysis associated with the Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe. Part I (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2011d: Energy Roadmap 2050 (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2011e: White Paper. Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area—Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2011f: A resource-efficient Europe—Flagship initiative under the Europe 2020 Strategy (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2011g: Analysis associated with the Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe. Part II (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2012a: Connecting Smart and Sustainable Growth through Smart Specialisation (Brussels: European Commission, Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2012b: Manifesto for a resourceefficient Europe (Brussels: European Resource Efficiency Platform).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2012c: Living well, within the limits of our planet. Proposal for a general Union Environment Action Programme (Brussels: European Commission, DG Environment).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2014: Towards a circular economy: A zero waste programme for Europe (Brussels: European Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission, 2015: Closing the loop - An EU action plan for the circular economy (Brussels: European

    Google Scholar 

  • Commission).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Parliament, 2011: Working Document on the Roadmap for a Resource Efficient Europe (Brussels: European Parliament, Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Parliament, 2012: Motion for a European Parliament Resolution on a resource-efficient Europe (Brussels: European Parliament).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Resource Efficiency Platform (EREP), 2013: Action for a resource efficient Europe (Brussels: European Resource Efficiency Platform).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Resource Efficiency Platform, 2014: Manifesto & Policy Recommendations (Brussels: European Commission, DG Environment).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, Peter, 2014: “The green economy agenda: business as usual or transformational discourse?”, in: Environmental Politics; at: <DOI: 10.1080/09644016.2014.919748>.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geels, Frank W., 2010: “Ontologies, socio-technical transitions (to sustainability), and the multi-level perspective”, in: Research Policy, 39: 495–510.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geels, Frank W., 2011: “The multi-level perspective on sustainability transitions: Responses to seven criticisms”, in: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 1: 24–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geels, Frank W., 2013: “The impact of the financial-economic crisis on sustainability transitions: Financial investment, governance and public discourse”, in: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 6: 67–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geels, Frank W.; Schot, Johan, 2007: “Typology of sociotechnical transition pathways”, in: Research Policy, 36: 399–417.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geels, Frank W.; Schot, Johan, 2010: “The Dynamics of Transitions. A Socio-Technical Perspective”, in: Grin, John; Rotmans, Jan; Schot, Johan (Eds.): Transitions to Sustainable Development. New Directions in the Study of Long Term Transformative Change (New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajer, Maarten, 2000: The Politics of Environmental Discourse. Ecological Modernization and the Policy Process (Oxford: Clarendon Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajer, Maarten; Versteeg, Wytske, 2005: “A Decade of Discourse Analysis of Environmental Politics: Achievements, Challenges, Perspectives”, in: Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 7,3: 175–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, Teis; Coenen, Lars, 2013: The Geography of Sustainability Transitions: A Literature Review (Lund University: Centre for Innovation, Research and Competence in the Learning Economy (CIRCLE)).

    Google Scholar 

  • Happaerts, Sander, 2014: International Discourses and Practices of Sustainable Materials Management (Leuven: Policy Research Centre on Sustainable Materials Management).

    Google Scholar 

  • Happaerts, Sander; Bruyninckx, Hans (2012), ‘Upscaling transition governance. An exploratory analysis of the Roadmap to a Resource?Efficient Europe’, the International Conference on Sustainability Transitions (Copenhagen).

    Google Scholar 

  • Happaerts, Sander; Bruyninckx, Hans, 2014: “Sustainable development: the institutionalization of a contested policy concept”, in: Betsill, Michele M.; Hochstetler, Kathryn; Stevis, Dimitris (Eds.): Advances in international environmental politics (Basingstoke: Palgrave): 300–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heichel, Stephan; Pape, Jessica; Sommerer, Thomas, 2005: “Is there convergence in convergence research? An overview of empirical studies on policy convergence”, in: Journal of European Public Policy, 12,5: 817–840.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hendriks, Carolyn M., 2009: “Policy design without democracy? Making democratic sense of transition management”, in: Policy Sciences, 42,4: 341–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howlett, Michael, 2009: “Governance modes, policy regimes and operational plans: A multi-level nested model of policy instrument choice and policy design”, in: Policy Sciences, 42: 73–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janicke, Martin, 2012: ““Green growth”: From a growing eco-industry to economic sustainability”, in: Energy Policy, 48: 13–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janicke, Martin, 2013: “Accelerators of Global Energy Transformation: Horizontal and Vertical Reinforcement in Multi-Level Climate Governance”, The Thematic Workshop of the Multi-Level Climate Governance Research Network (Kolkata).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorgensen, Ulrik, 2012: “Mapping and navigating transitions—The multi-level perspective compared with arenas of development”, in: Research Policy, 41: 996–1010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemp, Rene; Rotmans, Jan, 2005: “The Management of the Co-evolution of Technical, Environmental and Social Systems”, in: Weber, M.; Hemmelskamp, J. (Eds.): Towards Environmental Innovation Systems (Heidelberg: Springer).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemp, Rene; Parto, Saeed; Gibson, Robert B., 2005: “Governance for sustainable development: moving from theory to practice”, in: International Journal of Sustainable Development, 8,1-2: 12–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kramer, Ludwig, 2012: EU Environmental Law (London: Sweet & Maxwell).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lafferty, William M., 2004: “Introduction: form and function in governance for sustainable development”, in: Lafferty, William M. (Ed.): Governance for Sustainable Development. The Challenge of Adapting Form to Function (Cheltenham & Northampton: Edward Elgar), 1–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauridsen, Erik Hagelskjar; Jorgensen, Ulrik, 2010: “Sustainable transition of electronic products through waste policy”, in: Research Policy, 39: 486–494.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lempert, Robert J.; Scheffran, Jurgen; Sprinz, Detlef F., 2009: “Methods for Long-Term Environmental Policy Challenges”, in: Global Environmental Politics, 9,3: 106–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lempert, Robert J.; Popper, Steven W.; Min, Endy Y.; Dewar, James A., 2009: Shaping Tomorrow Today. Near-Term Steps Towards Long-Term Goals (Santa Monica, Arlington & Pittsburgh: RAND).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenschow, Andrea, 2005: “Environmental Policy. Contending Dynamics of Policy Change”, in: Wallace, Helen; Wallace, William; Pollack, Mark A. (Eds.): Policy-Making in the European Union (New York: Oxford University Press), 305–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loorbach, Derk, 2007: Transition Management. New mode of governance for sustainable development (Utrecht: International Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Loorbach, Derk; Lijnis Huffenreuter, Rueben., 2013: “Exploring the economic crisis from a transition management perspective”, in: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 6: 35–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loorbach, Derk; Frantzeskaki, Niki; Thissen, Wil, 2011: “A Transition Research Perspective on Governance for Sustainability”, in: Jaeger, Carlo C.; Tabara, J. David; Jaeger, Julia (Eds.): European Research on Sustainable Development (Berlin: Springer), 73–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mazey, Sonia; Richardson, Jeremy, 1997: “Policy Framing: Interest Groups and the lead up to 1996 Inter-Governmental Conference”, in: West European Politics, 20,3: 111–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadowcroft, James, 2005: “Environmental Political Economy, Technological Transitions and the State”, in: New Political Economy, 10,4: 479–498.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadowcroft, James, 2009: “What about the politics? Sustainable development, transition management, and long term energy transitions”, in: Policy Sciences, 42,4: 323–340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadowcroft, James, 2011: “Engaging with the politics of sustainability transitions”, in: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 1: 70–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministerie van VROM [Volkshuisvesting, Ruimtelijke Ordening en Milieubeheer], 2001: Een wereld en een wil. Werken aan duurzaamheid. Nationaal Milieubeleidsplan 4 (Den Haag: Ministerie van VROM).

    Google Scholar 

  • Natali, David, 2010: “The Lisbon Strategy, Europe 2020 and the Crisis in Between”, in: Marlier, Eric; Natali, David (Eds.): Europe 2020: Towards a More Social EU? (Brussels: P.I.E. Peter Lang).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson, Mans, 2012: “Energy Governance in the European Union. Enabling Conditions for a Low Carbon Transition”, in: Verbong, Geert; Loorbach, Derk (Eds.): Governing the Energy Transition. Reality, Illusion or Necessity? (New York—London: Routledge): 296–316.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD, 2010: Transition to a Low-carbon Economy. Public goals and corporate practices (Paris: OECD).

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD, 2011: Towards Green Growth (Paris: OECD).

    Google Scholar 

  • Onestini, Maria, 2012: “Latin America and the Winding Road to Rio+20: From Sustainable Development to Green Economy Discourse”, in: The Journal of Environment & Development, 21,1: 32–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paredis, Erik, 2008: Transition management in Flanders. Policy context, first results and surfacing tensions (Leuven: Steunpunt Duurzame Ontwikkeling).

    Google Scholar 

  • Paredis, Erik, 2013: A winding road. Transition management, policy change and the search for sustainable development (PhD thesis, Gent: Universiteit Gent).

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, B. Guy; Hoornbeek, John A., 2005: “The Problem of Policy Problems”, in: Eliadis, Pearl; Hill, Margaret M.; Howlett, Michael (Eds.): Designing Government. From Instruments to Governance (Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press): 77–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollack, Mark A.; Shaffer, Gregory C., 2005: “Biotechnology Policy. Between National Fears and Global Disciplines”, in: Wallace, Helen; Wallace, William; Pollack, Mark A. (Eds.): Policy-Making in the European Union (New York: Oxford University Press). 329–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potočnik, Janez, 2010: “Opening remarks of Janez Potočnik, Commissioner-Designate for Environment” (European Parliament Hearing, 13 January 2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • Potočnik, Janez, 2011: “Without public action, some resources will never have a price nor a market” (Speech made at the Conference of Confederation of British Industry and the Green Alliance, London, 12 December 2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Potočnik, Janez, 2012: “The role of resource efficiency for Europe’s future” (Speech made at the European Resources Forum at Berlin, 13 November 2012).

    Google Scholar 

  • Raven, Rob; Schot, Johan; Berkhout, Frans, 2012: “Space and scale in socio-technical transitions”, in: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 4: 63–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rittel, H. W. J.; Webber, M. M., 1973: “Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning”, in: Policy Sciences, 4,2: 155–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rochefort, David A.; Cobb, Roger W., 1994: “Problem Definition: An Emerging Perspective”, in: Rochefort, David A.; Cobb, Roger W. (Eds.): The Politics of Problem Definition. Shaping the Policy Agenda (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas), 1–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rotmans, Jan; Loorbach, Derk, 2010: “Towards a Better Understanding of Transitions and Their Governance. A Systemic and Reflexive Approach”, in: Grin, John; Rotmans, Jan; Schot, Johan (Eds.): Transitions to Sustainable Development. New Directions in the Study of Long Term Transformative Change (New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoenefeld, Jonas, 2014: “The Politics of the Rise of DG Climate Action”; at: <http://environmentaleurope.ideasoneurope.eu/2014/02/24/the-politics-of-the-rise-ofdg-climate-action/> (24 July 2014).

  • Schon, Donald A.; Rein, Martin, 1994: Frame Reflection. Toward the Resolution of Intractable Policy Controversies (New York: Basic Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schot, Johan; Geels, Frank W., 2008: “Strategic niche management and sustainable innovation journeys: theory, findings, research agenda, and policy”, in: Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 20,5: 537–554.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprinz, Detlef F., 2009: “Long-Term Environmental Policy: Definition, Knowledge, Future Research”, in: Global Environmental Politics, 9,3: 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprinz, Detlef F., 2012: “Long-Term Environmental Policy: Challenges for Research”, in: The Journal of Environment Development, 21,1: 67–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steurer, Reinhard; Berger, Gerald, 2011: “The EU’s doubletrack pursuit of sustainable development in the 2000s: how Lisbon and sustainable development strategies ran past each other”, in: International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 18,2: 99–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Underdal, Arild, 2010: “Complexity and challenges of longterm environmental governance”, in: Global Environmental Change, 20: 386–393.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCSD [United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development], 2012: The Future We Want (Rio de Janeiro: United Nations).

    Google Scholar 

  • UNEP [United Nations Environment Programme], 2011: Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication (UNEP).

    Google Scholar 

  • UNEP [United Nations Environment Programme], 2014: Decoupling 2: technologies, opportunities and policy options.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Brugge, Rutger; Rotmans, Jan, 2007: “Towards transition management of European water resources”, in: Water Resource Management, 21: 249–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vos, Jan-Peter; Smith, Adrian; Grin, John, 2009: “Designing long-term policy: rethinking transition management”, in: Policy Sciences, 42,4: 275–302.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sander Happaerts .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Happaerts, S. (2016). Discourse and Practice of Transitions in International Policymaking on Resource Efficiency in the EU. In: Brauch, H., Oswald Spring, Ú., Grin, J., Scheffran, J. (eds) Handbook on Sustainability Transition and Sustainable Peace . Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace, vol 10. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43884-9_41

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics