Abstract
In the present study, we isolated 14 bacterial strains from the roots of maize plants growing in a soil located at León (Spain). All these strains presented some of the following in vitro plant growth promotion mechanisms: (i) phosphate solubilization, (ii) ACC deaminase activity, (iii) siderophore and/or (iv) IAA production. These strains displayed 11 different RAPD profiles, showing they were genetically diverse. Representative strains from each RAPD type were identified on the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis, showing that most of them belonged to gamma-Proteobacteria and, specifically, to the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae (genus Pseudomonas). Most of the isolated strains belong to species that can be pathogenic for humans, such as Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea ananatis, Lelliottia amnigena (formerly Enterobacter amnigenus), Kosakonia cowanii (formerly Enterobacter cowanii), Enterobacter ludwigii and Rahnella aquatilis, or for plants, such as Pseudomonas corrugata, Pseudomonas brassicacearum and Agrobacterium larrymoorei. These results showed the need of a correct identification of bacterial endophytes before selecting strains for the design of biofertilizers, which must be pathogen-free.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alexander DB, Zuberer DA (1991) Use of chrome azurol S reagents to evaluate siderophore production by rhizosphere bacteria. Biol Fertil Soils 12:39–45
Belimov AA, Dodd IC, Safronova VI et al (2007) Pseudomonas brassicacearum strain Am 3 containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase can show both pathogenic and growth-promoting properties in its interaction with tomato. J Exp Bot 58:1485–1495
Bouzar H, Jones JB (2001) Agrobacterium larrymoorei sp. nov., a pathogen isolated from aerial tumours of Ficus benjamina. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1023–1026
Brady C, Cleenwerck I, Venter S et al (2013) Taxonomic evaluation of the genus Enterobacter based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA): proposal to reclassify E. nimipressuralis and E. amnigenus into Lelliottia gen. nov. as Lelliottia nimipressuralis comb. nov. and Lelliottia amnigena comb. nov., respectively, E. gergoviae and E. pyrinus into Pluralibacter gen. nov. as Pluralibacter gergoviae comb. nov. and Pluralibacter pyrinus comb. nov., respectively, E. cowanii, E. radicincitans, E. oryzae and E. arachidis into Kosakonia gen. nov. as Kosakonia cowanii comb. nov., Kosakonia radicincitans comb. nov., Kosakonia oryzae comb. nov. and Kosakonia arachidis comb. nov., respectively, and E. turicensis, E. helveticus and E. pulveris into Cronobacter as Cronobacter zurichensis nom. nov., Cronobacter helveticus comb. nov. and Cronobacter pulveris comb. nov., respectively, and emended description of the genera Enterobacter and Cronobacter. Syst Appl Microbiol 36:309–319
Capdevila JA, Bisbe V, Gasser I et al (1998) Enterobacter amnigenus: an unusual human pathogen. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 16:364–366
Chelius MK, Triplett EW (2001) The diversity of archaea and bacteria in association with the roots of Zea mays L. Microb Ecol 41:252–263
Coutinho TA, Venter SN (2009) Pantoea ananatis: an unconventional plant pathogen. Mol Plant Pathol 10:325–335
De Baere T, Verhelst R, Labit C et al (2004) Bacteremic infection with Pantoea ananatis. J Clin Microbiol 42:4393–4395
De Maayer P, Chan WY, Rubagotti E et al (2014) Analysis of the Pantoea ananatis pan-genome reveals factors underlying its ability to colonize and interact with plant, insect and vertebrate hosts. BMC Genom 15:404
Furtado GQ, Guimarães LMS, Lisboa DO et al (2012) First report of enterobacter cowanii causing bacterial spot on Mabea fistulifera, a native forest species in Brazil. Plant Dis 96:1576
Gaiero JR, McCall CA, Thompson KA, Day NJ, Best AS, Dunfield E (2013) Inside the root microbiome: bacterial root endophytes and plant growth promotion. Am J Bot 100:1738–1750
Gaitán JI, Bronze MS (2010) Infection caused by Rahnella aquatilis. Am J Med Sci 339:577–579
García-Fraile P, Carro L, Robledo M et al (2012) Rhizobium promotes non-legumes growth and quality in several production steps: towards a biofertilization of edible raw vegetables healthy for humans. PLoS One 7:e38122
Hardoim PR, van Overbeek LS, Berg G et al (2015) The hidden world within plants: ecological and evolutionary considerations for defining functioning of microbial endophytes. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 79:293–320
Hoffmann H, Stindl S, Stumpf A et al (2005) Description of Enterobacter ludwigii sp. nov., a novel Enterobacter species of clinical relevance. Syst Appl Microbiol 28:206–212
Ikeda AC, Bassani LL, Adamoski D et al (2013) Morphological and genetic characterization of endophytic bacteria isolated from roots of different maize genotypes. Microb Ecol 65:154–160
Inoue K, Sugiyama K, Kosako Y et al (2000) Enterobacter cowanii sp. nov., a new species of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Curr Microbiol 41:417–420
Khalid A, Arshad M, Zahir ZA (2004) Screening plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for improving growth and yield of wheat. J Appl Microbiol 96:473–480
Kim OS, Cho YJ, Lee K et al (2012) Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:716–721
Kuzdan C, Soysal A, Özdemir H et al (2015) Rahnella aquatilis sepsis in a premature newborn. Case Rep Pediatr 2015:860671
Matsukura H, Katayama K, Kitano N et al (1996) Infective endocarditis caused by an unusual gram-negative rod, Rahnella aquatilis. Pediatr Cardiol 17:108–111
O’Hara GW, Goss TJ, Dilworth MJ et al (1989) Maintenance of intracellular pH and acid tolerance in Rhizobium meliloti. Appl Environ Microbiol 55:1870–1876
Peix A, Rivas-Boyero AA, Mateos PF et al (2001) Growth promotion of chickpea and barley by a phosphate solubilizing strain of Mesorhizobium mediterraneum under growth chamber conditions. Soil Biol Biochem 33:103–110
Penrose DM, Glick BR (2003) Methods for isolating and characterizing ACC deaminase-containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Physiol Plant 118:10–15
Reinhold-Hurek B, Hurek T (2011) Living inside plants: bacterial endophytes. Curr Opin Plant Biol 14:435–443
Rivas R, Peix A, Mateos PF, Trujillo ME, Martínez-Molina E, Velázquez E. (2006) Biodiversity of populations of phosphate solubilizing rhizobia that nodulate chickpea in different Spanish soils. Plant Soil 287: 23–33
Rivas R, García-Fraile P, Mateos PF et al (2007) Characterization of xylanolytic bacteria present in the bract phyllosphere of the date palm Phoenix dactylifera. Lett Appl Microbiol 44:181–187
Rosenblueth M, Martínez-Romero E (2006) Bacterial endophytes and their interactions with hosts. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 19:827–837
Schwyn B, Neilands JB (1987) Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores. Anal Biochem 160:47–56
Shubov A, Jagannathan P, Chin-Hong PV (2011) Pantoea agglomerans pneumonia in a heart-lung transplant recipient: case report and a review of an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised hosts. Transpl Infect Dis 13:536–539
Solaiman DK, Ashby RD, Gunther NW et al (2015) Dirhamnose-lipid production by recombinant nonpathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas chlororaphis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99:4333–4342
Tiwari S, Beriha SS (2015) Pantoea species causing early onset neonatal sepsis: a case report. J Med Case Rep 9:188
Trantas EA, Licciardello G, Almeida NF et al (2015) Comparative genomic analysis of multiple strains of two unusual plant pathogens: Pseudomonas corrugata and Pseudomonas mediterranea. Front Microbiol 6:811
Williams JG, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1990). DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 18(22):6531–6535
Westerfeld C, Papaliodis GN, Behlau I, Durand ML, Sobrin L (2009) Enterobacter amnigenus endophthalmitis. Retin Cases Brief Rep 3:409–411
Woese CR, Olsen GJ, Ibba M, Söll D (2000). Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, the genetic code, and the evolutionary process. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 64(1):202–236
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Project AGL2013-48098-P from the MINECO (Spanish Government).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Menéndez, E. et al. (2016). Analysis of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria in Roots of Maize in a Soil from León Province in Mainland Spain. In: González-Andrés, F., James, E. (eds) Biological Nitrogen Fixation and Beneficial Plant-Microbe Interaction. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32528-6_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32528-6_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-32526-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-32528-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)