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Drought Stress and Chromatin: An Epigenetic Perspective

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Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants, Vol 2

Abstract

In the current scenario of growing world population, industrialization, and global warming, tackling drought stress in its entirety is a focus issue for plant scientists to devise strategies favoring plant growth under uncertain water regimes. The onset of stress leads to epigenetic alterations in the cell leading to a more closed/condensed state (heterochromatin) and repressed transcription. Such a stress response, often reversible is stored in the “stress memory” of the plant, and once favorable conditions return the cell again acquires an open/decondensed state and becomes transcriptionally active (euchromatin). In this chapter, we aim to enlighten readers with a comprehensive overview of how onset of drought stress affects changes in chromatin gene expression and how the prevailing molecular and physiological strategies can be entailed for chromatin-mediated drought tolerance in plants. Moreover, we apprise readers of the adaptive significance of transgenerational inheritance of DNA methylation patterns in plant drought tolerance. Lastly, we discuss future strategies for sustainable drought stress tolerance through transcriptional control of dehydration stress memory genes regulating dynamic chromatin structure and stability.

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Acknowledgment

We would like to thank Dr. Narendra Singh Yadav for his valuable comments and COS, Uni-Heidelberg, German Research Foundation (DFG) and Shanghai Centre for Plant Stress Biology for their invaluable support. GZ acknowledges support from Methusalem Funding to the Centre of Excellence ‘PLECO’, University of Antwerp.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Germline Biology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Asif Khan

  2. Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium

    Gaurav Zinta

  3. Shanghai Centre for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China

    Gaurav Zinta

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  1. Asif Khan
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  2. Gaurav Zinta
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Correspondence to Asif Khan or Gaurav Zinta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

    Mohammad Anwar Hossain

  2. Plant Breeding & Genetics, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Shabir Hussain Wani

  3. Botany, University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India

    Soumen Bhattacharjee

  4. Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand

    David J Burritt

  5. Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sc, Yokohama, Japan

    Lam-Son Phan Tran

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Khan, A., Zinta, G. (2016). Drought Stress and Chromatin: An Epigenetic Perspective. In: Hossain, M., Wani, S., Bhattacharjee, S., Burritt, D., Tran, LS. (eds) Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants, Vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32423-4_21

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