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EBV Infection of Mice with Reconstituted Human Immune System Components

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Epstein Barr Virus Volume 2

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 391))

Abstract

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was discovered 50 years ago as the first candidate human tumor virus. Since then, we have realized that this human γ-herpesvirus establishes persistent infection in the majority of adult humans, but fortunately causes EBV-associated diseases only in few individuals. This is an incredible success story of the human immune system, which controls EBV infection and its transforming capacity for decades. A better understanding of this immune control would not only benefit patients with EBV-associated malignancies, but could also provide clues how to establish such a potent, mostly cell-mediated immune control against other pathogens and tumors. However, the functional relevance of EBV-specific immune responses can only be addressed in vivo, and mice with reconstituted human immune system components (huMice) constitute a small animal model to interrogate the protective value of immune compartments during EBV infection, but also might provide a platform to test EBV-specific vaccines. This chapter will summarize the insights into EBV immunobiology that have already been gained in these models and provide an outlook into promising future avenues to develop this in vivo model of EBV infection and human immune responses further.

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Abbreviations

BLT:

Bone marrow, liver, thymus

CD:

Cluster of differentiation

DNAM:

DNAX accessory molecule

DLBCL:

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma

EBNA:

Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen

EBV:

Epstein-Barr virus

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

HLH:

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

HPC:

Hematopoietic progenitor cell

HuMice:

Mice with reconstituted human immune system components

IFN:

Interferon

Ig:

Immunoglobulin

IL:

Interleukin

IM:

Infectious mononucleosis

LMP:

Latent membrane protein

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

NK:

Natural killer

NKG2D:

Natural killer group 2, member D

NOD:

Non-obese diabetic

NPC:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

PAMP:

Pathogen-associated molecular pattern

PBMC:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell

DC:

Dendritic cell

Rag:

Recombinase-activating gene

SCID:

Severe combined immunodeficiency

SIRP:

Signal regulatory protein

TCR:

T cell receptor

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

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Acknowledgements

Work in my laboratory is supported by Cancer Research Switzerland (KFS-3234-08-2013), the Association for International Cancer Research (14-1033), KFSPMS and KFSPHLD of the University of Zurich, the Baugarten Foundation, the Sobek Foundation, Fondation Acteria, the Wellcome Trust, the Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research, the Medical Research Council, and the Swiss National Science Foundation (310030_143979 and CRSII3_136241).

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  1. Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland

    Christian Münz

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    Christian Münz

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Münz, C. (2015). EBV Infection of Mice with Reconstituted Human Immune System Components. In: Münz, C. (eds) Epstein Barr Virus Volume 2. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 391. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22834-1_14

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