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Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates

  • Chapter
Pathogen-Host Interactions: Antigenic Variation v. Somatic Adaptations

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 57))

Abstract

Fishes (i.e., teleost fishes) are the largest group of vertebrates. Although their immune system is based on the fundamental receptors, pathways, and cell types found in all groups of vertebrates, fishes show a diversity of particular features that challenge some classical concepts of immunology. In this chapter, we discuss the particularities of fish immune repertoires from a comparative perspective. We examine how allelic exclusion can be achieved when multiple Ig loci are present, how isotypic diversity and functional specificity impact clonal complexity, how loss of the MHC class II molecules affects the cooperation between T and B cells, and how deep sequencing technologies bring new insights about somatic hypermutation in the absence of germinal centers. The unique coexistence of two distinct B-cell lineages respectively specialized in systemic and mucosal responses is also discussed. Finally, we try to show that the diverse adaptations of immune repertoires in teleosts can help in understanding how somatic adaptive mechanisms of immunity evolved in parallel in different lineages across vertebrates.

An immune system is characterized by two linked properties: a somatic learning process to make a self–nonself discrimination and a mechanism for determining the class of the response that optimally rids the target

Melvin Cohn (Cohn 1994)

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The origin of the species, Chap. 5, Laws of Variation

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Acknowledgements

This article is dedicated to the memory of Steve Kaattari, who pioneered the study of fish B cells and will be missed by fish immunologists after passing away in November 2014.

This work was supported by Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, by the European Commission under the Work Programme 2012 of the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development of the European Union (Grant Agreement 311993 TARGETFISH), and by the National Institutes of Health Grant R01GM085207 (to J.O.S.). We acknowledge S. Fillatreau, T. Mora, A. Six, and Dr. G. Wiegertjes for helpful discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France

    Susana Magadan & Pierre Boudinot

  2. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Oriol J. Sunyer

Authors
  1. Susana Magadan
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  2. Oriol J. Sunyer
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  3. Pierre Boudinot
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Correspondence to Susana Magadan or Pierre Boudinot .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA

    Ellen Hsu

  2. Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Louis Du Pasquier

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Magadan, S., Sunyer, O.J., Boudinot, P. (2015). Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates. In: Hsu, E., Du Pasquier, L. (eds) Pathogen-Host Interactions: Antigenic Variation v. Somatic Adaptations. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 57. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20819-0_10

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