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Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Iran: Research and Applied Aspects

  • Chapter
Nematode Pathogenesis of Insects and Other Pests

Part of the book series: Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection ((SUPP))

Abstract

Entomopathogenic nematodes have been used successfully to control a variety of economically important insect pests. Their pathogenic effect is mostly due to the symbiotic bacteria of the genera Xenorhabdus Thomas & Poinar and Photorhabdus Boemare, Akhurst & Mourant (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae), located in the intestine of the infective juveniles (Poinar, 1990; Lacey & Shapiro-Ilan, 2008). The bacto–helminthic complexes of Heterorhabditis–Photorhabdus and Steinernema–Xenorhabdus have high potential as effective biological control agents against many soil dwelling insect pests or those in cryptic habitats such as galleries in plants (Burnell & Stock, 2000; Koppenhöfer, 2007). Within 30–60 min after entering the host’s haemocoel through natural openings (mouth, anus, and spiracles) or directly through the cuticle, nematodes release their bacterial symbionts, which multiply and cause septicaemia by producing toxins and kill the insect host within 24–48 h (Grewal, Ehlers, & Shapiro-Ilan, 2005).

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  1. Faculty of Agricultura, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Javad Karimi & Elham Salari

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  1. Javad Karimi
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  2. Elham Salari
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Correspondence to Javad Karimi .

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  1. University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

    Raquel Campos-Herrera

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Karimi, J., Salari, E. (2015). Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Iran: Research and Applied Aspects. In: Campos-Herrera, R. (eds) Nematode Pathogenesis of Insects and Other Pests. Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18266-7_19

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