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Genetic Engineering for Microalgae Strain Improvement in Relation to Biocrude Production Systems

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Biomass and Biofuels from Microalgae

Part of the book series: Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies ((BBT,volume 2))

Abstract

An advanced understanding of the genetics of microalgae and the availability of molecular biology tools are both critical to the development of advanced strains, which offer efficiency advantages for primary production, and more specifically in the context of production for biocrude and renewable energy. Consequently, we outline the current state of the art in microalgal molecular biology including the available genome sequences, molecular techniques and toolkits, amenable strains for transformation of nuclear and plastid genomes, and the control of transgenes at both transcriptional and translational levels. We also examine some strategies for improvement of expression and regulation. We suggest the primary strategies in strain improvement that are most relevant to biocrude applications; briefly illustrate the process of photosynthesis to enable identification of targets for improvement of net photosynthetic conversion efficiency in mass cultivation; and further discuss how improvement of metabolic systems may also be achieved and benefit production models. Finally, we acknowledge the aspects of prudent risk assessment and consequent regulation that are developing and how our knowledge of natural algae in existing ecosystems, and GM work in conventional agriculture both contribute lessons to these discussions. We conclude that if properly managed, these developments provide significant potential for increasing global capacity for renewable fuel production from microalgae and that these developments could also have benefits for other applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge support from Australian federal research grants: NHMRC Project Grant APP1074296, ARC Project Grant DP130100346 and the Queensland State Government NIRAP Grant High Efficiency Microalgal Biofuel Systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia

    Evan Stephens, Juliane Wolf, Melanie Oey, Eugene Zhang, Ben Hankamer & Ian L. Ross

  2. Solar Biofuels Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia

    Evan Stephens, Juliane Wolf, Ben Hankamer & Ian L. Ross

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  1. Evan Stephens
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Correspondence to Ian L. Ross .

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  1. School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Algae R&D Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, West Australia, Australia

    Navid R. Moheimani

  2. School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, West Australia, Australia

    Mark P. McHenry

  3. School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, West Australia, Australia

    Karne de Boer

  4. School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, West Australia, Australia

    Parisa A. Bahri

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Stephens, E., Wolf, J., Oey, M., Zhang, E., Hankamer, B., Ross, I.L. (2015). Genetic Engineering for Microalgae Strain Improvement in Relation to Biocrude Production Systems. In: Moheimani, N., McHenry, M., de Boer, K., Bahri, P. (eds) Biomass and Biofuels from Microalgae. Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16640-7_11

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