Abstract
Very often the concept of smart city is strongly related to the flourishing of mobile applications, stressing the technological aspects and a top-down approach of high-tech centralized control systems capable of resolving all the urban issues, completely forgetting the essence of a city with its connected problems. The real challenge in future years will be a huge increase in the urban population and the changes this will produce in energy and resource consumption. It is fundamental to manage this phenomenon with clever approaches in order to guarantee a better management of resources and their sustainable access to present and future generations. This chapter develops some considerations on these aspects, trying to insert the technological issues within a framework closer to planning and with attention to the social impact.
The chapter derives from the joint reflections of the two authors. Beniamino Murgante wrote Sections 1, 2, 5, 6.1, 8, and 9, while Giuseppe Borruso wrote Sections 3, 4, 6.2, and 7.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Pioneer advertisement for Pioneer Blue: velvet.mpg http://youtu.be/5rMI_aVYtR0
- 2.
References
Hilber, C., Cheshire, P.: Concrete gains. America’s big cities are larger than Europe’s. That has important economic consequences. The Economist. http://www.economist.com/node/21564536 (2012). Accessed Dec 2013
Dougherty, C.: “U.S. cities with bigger economies than entire countries. Wall Street J. http://blogs.wsj.com/economics/2012/07/20/u-s-cities-with-bigger-economies-than-entire-countries/ (2012). Accessed Dec 2013
Cillizza, C.: The case for big cities, in 1 map. Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2014/02/19/you-might-not-like-big-cities-but-you-need-them/ (2014). Accessed Dec 2013
Glaeser, E.: Triumph of the City: How Our Greatest Invention Makes Us Richer, Smarter, Greener, Healthier, and Happier. Penguin Books, London (2011)
Batty, B.: The New Science of Cities. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (2013)
Manyika, J., Remes, J., Dobbs, R., Orellana, J., Schaer, F.: Urban America: US cities in the global economy. McKinsey Global Institute, McKinsey & Company, Washington, DC (2012)
Woetzel, J., Mendonca, L., Devan, J., Negri, S., Hu, Y., Jordan, L., Li, X., Maasry, A., Tsen, G., Yu, F.: Preparing for China’s Urban Billion. McKinsey Global Institute, McKinsey & Company, Washington, DC (2009)
Sankhe, S., Vittal, I., Dobbs, R., Mohan, A., Gulati, A., Ablett, J., Gupta, S., Kim, A., Paul, S., Sanghvi, A., Sethy, G.: India’s Urban Awakening: Building Inclusive Cities, Sustaining Economic Growth. McKinsey Global Institute, McKinsey & Company, Washington, DC (2010)
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects, the 2014 revision. http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/ (2014). Accessed Jan 2015
De Biase, L.: L’intelligenza delle Smart Cities. http://blog.debiase.com/2012/04/intelligenza-delle-smart-city/ (2012)
Goodchild, M.F.: Citizens as voluntary sensors: spatial data infrastructure in the world of Web 2.0. Int. J. Spat. Data Infrastruct. Res. 2, 24–32. (2007)
Goodchild, M.F.: Citizens as sensors: the world of volunteered geography. GeoJournal 69(4), 211–221 (2007). doi:10.1007/s10708-007-9111-y
Goodchild, M.F.: NeoGeography and the nature of geographic expertise. J. Location Based Serv. 3, 82–96 (2009)
Murgante, B., Borruso, G.: Cities and smartness: a critical analysis of opportunities and risks. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 7973, 630–642 (2013). Springer, Berlin. ISSN: 0302-9743, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39646-5_46
Archibugi, F.: Introduzione alla Pianificazione Strategica in Ambito Pubblico. Alinea Editrice, Firenze (2002)
Tonucci, F.: La Città dei Bambini. Un Nuovo Modo di Pensare la Città. Editori Laterza, Roma (2004)
Dematteis, G., Lanza, C.: Le Città del Mondo. Una Geografia Urbana. UTET, Torino (2011)
Gottmann, J.: La Città Invincibile. Franco Angeli, Milano (1998)
Bettencourt, L.M.A.: The origins of scaling in cities. Science 340, 1438–1441 (2013)
Haggett, P.: Geography: A Global Synthesis. Prentice Hall, Harlow (2001)
Murgante, B., Borruso, G.: Smart cities: un’analisi critica delle opportunità e dei rischi. GEOmedia 17(3), 2013 (2013)
Berners-Lee, T.: 5★ open data http://5stardata.info/#addendum4
About W3C Standards.: http://www.w3.org/standards/about.html
Ball, M.: Reference for 80 % of data contains geography quote. Spatial sustain: promoting spatial design for a sustainable tomorrow. http://www.sensysmag.com/spatialsustain/reference-for-80-of-data-contains-geography-quote.html (2009)
Franklin, C.: An introduction to geographic information systems: linking maps to databases. Database 15, 13–21 (1992)
Murgante, B., Borruso, G., Lapucci, A.: Geocomputation and Urban Planning Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 176. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2009). doi:10.1007/978-3-540-89930-3. ISBN 978-3-540-89929-7
A.F. Studios and Super Monitoring, State of the Mobile 2013. http://www.digitalbuzzblog.com/infographic-2013-mobile-growth-statistics/ (2014). Accessed 15 Apr 2014
Murgante, B., Borruso, G.: Smart City or Smurfs City. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 8580, 738–749 (2014). Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. ISSN: 0302-9743
Capineri, C.: Gli adeguamenti delle reti di trasporto Europee di fronte alla globalizzazione e alla sostenibilità. In: Bonavero, P., Dansero, E., Vanolo, A. (eds.) Geografie dell’Unione Europea – Temi, Problemi e Politiche Nella Costruzione Dello Spazio Comunitario, pp. 166–198. UTET, Torino (2006)
Castells, M.: The Rise of the Network Society. The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, vol. 1. Blackwell, Oxford (1996)
Castells, M.: The Rise of the Network Society. The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, 2nd edn, vol. 1. Blackwell, Oxford (2001)
Castells, M.: End of Millennium. Blackwell, Oxford (1998)
Nijkamp, P., Vleugel, J.: Transport infrastructure and European Union developments. In: Nijkamp, P. (ed.) New Borders and Old Barriers in Spatial Development, pp. 3–31. Aldershot, Avebury (1994)
Nijkamp, P.: Borders and barriers: bottlenecks or potentials? A prologue. In: Nijkamp, P. (ed.) New Borders and Old Barriers in Spatial Development, pp. 1–11. Aldershot, Avebury (1994)
Nijkamp, P., Perrels, A., Schippers, L.: La strategia delle nuove infrastrutture di trasporto in Europa. In: Tinacci Mossello, M., Capineri, C. (eds.) Geografia Delle Comunicazioni – Reti e Strutture Territoriali, pp. 151–168. Giappichelli Editore, Torino (1996)
Nijkamp, P., Rietveld, P., Spronk, J., van Veenendaal, W.E., Voogd, H.: Multidimensional Spatial Data and Decision Analysis. Wiley, Chichester (1979)
Shah, S., Horne, A., Capellá, J.: Good data won’t guarantee good decisions. Harvard Business Review. http://hbr.org/2012/04/good-data-wont-guarantee-good-decisions/ar/1 (2012)
Bollier, D.: The Promise and Peril of Big Data. The Aspen Institute, Washington, DC (2010). http://www.ilmresource.com/collateral/analyst-reports/10334-ar-promise-peril-of-big-data_OnlinePDF.pdf. Accessed Jun 2014
Anderson, C.: The end of theory: the data deluge makes the scientific method obsolete. Wired Magazine (Science: Discoveries). http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/magazine/16-07/pb_theory (2008)
Assuncao, M.D., Calheiros, R.N., Bianchi, S., Netto, M.A.S., Buyya, R.: Big Data Computing and Clouds: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions. Technical Report CLOUDS-TR-2013-1. Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems Laboratory. The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria (2013)
Big Data for Good. www.odbms.org (2012). Accessed 12 Nov 2013
Hilbert, M., López, P.: The World’s Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information. Science 332(6025), 60–65 (2011). doi:10.1126/science.1200970.PMID21310967
Batty, M.: Can it happen again? Planning support, Lee’s requiem and the rise of the smart cities movement. Environ. Plan B Plan Design 41, 388–391 (2014). doi:10.1068/b4103c2
Mayer-Schönberger, V., Cukier, K.: Big Data, a Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think. Eamon Dolan/Houghton Mifflin, Harcourt (2013)
Jacobs, A.: The Pathologies of Big Data. ACMQueue, ACM, New York (2009)
Magoulas, R., Lorica, B.: Introduction to Big Data. Release 2.0. O’Reilly Media, Sebastopol, CA (2009)
Snijders, C., Matzat, U., Reips, U.-D.: “Big data”: big gaps of knowledge in the field of Internet. Int. J. Internet Sci. 7, 1–5 (2012). http://www.ijis.net/ijis7_1/ijis7_1_editorial.html
Graham, M.: Big Data and the End of Theory? The Guardian, London (2012)
Delort, P.: Big data in biosciences; Big Data Paris. http://www.bigdataparis.com/documents/Pierre-Delort-INSERM_OnlinePDF.pdf#page=5 (2012)
Boyd, D.: Privacy and publicity in the context of big data. WWW2010 Conference (2010). Accessed 18 Apr 2011
Jones, M.B., Schildhauer, M.P., Reichman, O.J., Bowers, S.: The new bioinformatics: integrating ecological data from the gene to the biosphere (PDF). Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 37(1), 519–544 (2006). doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.37.091305.110031
Boyd, D., Crawford, K.: Critical questions for big data. Info. Commun. Soc. 15(5), 662 (2012). doi:10.1080/1369118X.2012.678878
Ratti, C., Townsend, A.: The Social Nexus. The Best Way to Harness a City’s Potential for Creativity and Innovation Is to Jack People into the Network and Get Out of the Way. Scientific American, New York (2011)
Crickard, P.: How to build a smart city. http://urbantimes.co/2012/02/how-to-build-a-smart-city/ (2012). Accessed May 2014
Smith, A.: An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. Methuen & Co., Ltd., London (1776; 1904)
Bonavero, P., Dansero, E., Vanolo, A.: Geografie dell’Unione Europea – Temi, Problemi e Politiche Nella Costruzione dello Spazio Comunitario, pp. 166–198. UTET, Torino (2006)
Zahn, T.: Heir to the Empire. Bantam Spectra, New York (1991)
Asimov, I.: Foundation. Gnome Press, New York (1951)
Laureano, P.: Giardini di Pietra, i Sassi di Matera e la Civiltà Mediterranea. Bollati Boringhieri, Torino (1993)
Borruso, G.: Geografie di Rete. Patron Editore, Bologna (2011)
GSMA Intelligence. https://gsmaintelligence.com/ Worldmeters. Accessed 29 Jan 2015. http://www.worldometers.info/it/ Accessed 29 Jan 2015
Hanzl, M.: Ten Commandments for the city. In: Facebook, May 22 (2014). https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10204196347015718&set=pb.1438171327.-2207520000.1403434139.&type=3&theater
Brandolini, A.: Bullshit Asymmetry Principle, Personal Communication at XP2014, 26–30 May, Rome http://www.slideshare.net/ziobrando/bulshit-asymmetry-principle-lightning-talk (2014). Accessed 29 Jan 2014
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Murgante, B., Borruso, G. (2015). Smart Cities in a Smart World. In: Rassia, S., Pardalos, P. (eds) Future City Architecture for Optimal Living. Springer Optimization and Its Applications, vol 102. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15030-7_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15030-7_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-15029-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-15030-7
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)