Abstract
Evidence suggests that microglia activation contributes to brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The present study aimed to determine if minocycline, an inhibitor of microglia activation, can reduce brain edema, brain atrophy and neurological deficits after ICH.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats received an infusion of 100-µL autologous whole blood into the right basal ganglia. Rats received minocycline or vehicle treatment. There were two sets of experiments in this study. In the first set of experiments, the effects of minocycline on ICH-induced brain edema were examined at day 3. In the second set, behavioral tests were performed at days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28. Rats were killed at day 28 for brain atrophy measurement (caudate and lateral ventricle size).
Minocycline reduced perihematomal brain edema in the ipsilateral basal ganglia (78.8 ± 0.4 vs. 80.9 ± 1.1% in the vehicle-treated group, p < 0.01). Minocycline also improved functional outcome. In addition, minocycline reduced brain tissue loss in the ipsilateral caudate (p < 0.01) and ventricular enlargement (p < 0.05).
In conclusion, minocycline attenuates ICH-induced brain edema formation, neurological deficits and brain atrophy in rats suggesting an important role of microglia in ICH-related brain injury.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by grants NS-017760, NS-039866, and NS-047245 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), 0755717Z from American Heart Association (AHA), and NSFC30600195 from National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH, AHA, or NSFC.
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Wu, J., Yang, S., Hua, Y., Liu, W., Keep, R.F., Xi, G. (2010). Minocycline Attenuates Brain Edema, Brain Atrophy and Neurological Deficits After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. In: Czernicki, Z., Baethmann, A., Ito, U., Katayama, Y., Kuroiwa, T., Mendelow, D. (eds) Brain Edema XIV. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum, vol 106. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_26
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