Abstract
Advances in the development of electronic components, particularly microprocessors, have enabled the manufacture of increasingly small and intelligent devices such as wireless sensors. These sensors, among other uses, are networked in a special type of ad hoc network called a wireless sensor network (WSN) and used in a variety of real-world applications, such as environmental monitoring, smart healthcare, or, more generally, where it is desired to be able to monitor a remote environment. Secure communication is an essential element of these types of networks because it requires the implementation of special mechanisms to ensure an acceptable level of security given the limited resources of the network equipment (sensors). In this chapter, we propose a scheme based on the functioning of the A-star algorithm to create paths and thus keys between the nodes of a network. The scheme exploits an algorithm using a cost function based on signal strength and cryptographic resources (cryptographic computations and memory occupied by the keys). The proposed scheme introduces a method of pre-distribution of keys with periodic renewal as well as on-demand renewal while simplifying the key management. Intensive simulations show that the proposed method outperforms the LEAP+ approach by around 13.21% in terms of RAM usage.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ndam, N.A., Salifu, A., Djedouboum, A.C., Tchangmena, A.A.N., Ari, A.A.A., Adouane, A.M., Abdou, W., Gueroui, A.M.: Reduction of data transmission in an IoT wireless sensor network. In: Ngatched, T.M.N., Woungang, I., Tapamo, J.R., Viriri, S. (eds) Pan-African Artificial Intelligence and Smart Systems. PAAISS 2022. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, Vol. 459, pp. 39–57. Springer, Cham (2023)
Djam-Doudou, M., Ari, A.A.A., Emati, J.H.M., Njoya, A.N., Thiare, O., Labraoui, N., Gueroui, A.M.: A certificate-based pairwise key establishment protocol for IoT resource-constrained devices. In: Ngatched Nkouatchah, T.M., Woungang, I., Tapamo, J.-R., Viriri, S. (eds.), Pan-African Artificial Intelligence and Smart Systems, pp. 3–18. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25271-6_1
Hart, P.E., Nilsson, N.J., Raphael, B.: A formal basis for the heuristic determination of minimum cost paths. IEEE Trans. Syst. Sci. Cybern. 4(2), 100–107 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSSC.1968.300136
Babaghayou, M., Labraoui, N., Ari, A.A.A., Lagra, N., Ferrag, M.A., Maglaras, L.: SAMA: Security-aware monitoring approach for location abusing and UAV GPS-spoofing attacks on Internet of Vehicles. In: Jin, H., Liu, C., Pathan, AS.K., Fadlullah, Z.M., Choudhury, S. (eds.) Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Wireless Internet. CROWNCOM WiCON 2021. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecom, vol. 427, pp. 343–360. Springer (2022)
Zhu, S., Setia, S., Jajodia, S.: Leap efficient security mechanisms for large-scale distributed sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys ’03, pp. 308–309. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2003). https://doi.org/10.1145/958491.958534
Karlof, C., Sastry, N., Wagner, D.: TinySec: A link layer security architecture for wireless sensor networks, in: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys ’04, pp. 162–175. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2004). https://doi.org/10.1145/1031495.1031515
Hamidouche, R., Aliouat, Z., Gueroui, A.M., Ari, A.A.A., Louail, L.: Classical and bio-inspired mobility in sensor networks for IoT applications. J. Network Comput. Appl. 121, 70–88 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2018.07.010. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1084804518302340
Kponhinto, G., Thiare, O., Ari, A.A.A., Gueroui, A.M., Khemiri-Kallel, S., Hwang, J.: Bio-inspired solution for cluster-tree based data collection protocol in wireless sensors networks. In: NOMS 2023-2023 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, pp. 1–6. IEEE (2023)
Xiao, Y., Rayi, V.K., Sun, B., Du, X., Hu, F., Galloway, M.: A survey of key management schemes in wireless sensor networks. Comput. Commun. 30(11), 2314–2341 (2007). Special issue on security on wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2007.04.009. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140366407001752
Boumerzoug, H., Amar Bensaber, B., Biskri, I.: A key management method based on an AVL tree and ECC cryptography for wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 7th ACM Symposium on QoS and Security for Wireless and Mobile Networks, Q2SWinet ’11, pp. 57–62. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2011). https://doi.org/10.1145/2069105.2069115
Ari, A.A.A., Djedouboum, A.C., Njoya, A.N., Aziz, H.A., Gueroui, A.M., Mohamadou, A., Thiare, O., Labraoui, N.: Optimizing relay sensors in large-scale wireless sensor networks: A biologically inspired approach. Int. J. Eng. Res. Africa 63, 119–135 (2023)
Akyildiz, I., Su, W., Sankarasubramaniam, Y., Cayirci, E.: Wireless sensor networks: a survey. Comput. Networks 38(4), 393–422 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-1286(01)00302-4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389128601003024
Poornima, A., Amberker, B.: Tree-based key management scheme for heterogeneous sensor networks. In: 2008 16th IEEE International Conference on Networks, pp. 1–6. IEEE (2008)
Mamun, Q.E.K., Ramakrishnan, S.: SecCOSEn – a key management scheme for securing chain oriented sensor networks. In: 6th Annual Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (CNSR 2008), 2008, pp. 584–592. https://doi.org/10.1109/CNSR.2008.89
Camtepe, S.A., Yener, B.: Combinatorial design of key distribution mechanisms for wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 15(2), 346–358 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2007.892879
Kocher, P., Jaffe, J., Jun, B.: Differential power analysis. In: Advances in Cryptology, CRYPTO’99 (1999)
telosb, TelosB datasheet: http://www.xbow.com/Products/Product_pdf_files/Wireless_pdf/TelosB_Datasheet.pdf, Accessed: 2022-02-17 (2022)
Wu, H.: ACORN: A lightweight authenticated cipher (v3). Candidate for the CAESAR competition. https://competitions.cr.yp.to/round3/acornv3.pdf
Perrig, A., Szewczyk, R., Tygar, J., Wen, V., Culler, D.: SPINS: Security protocols for sensor networks. Wirel. Networks 8, 521–534 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016598314198
Labraoui, N., Gueroui, M., Aliouat, M.: Secure DV-Hop localization scheme against wormhole attacks in wireless sensor networks. Trans. Emerg. Telecommun. Technol. 23, 303–316 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.1532
Eschenauer, L., Gligor, V.D.: A key-management scheme for distributed sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 9th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS ’02, pp. 41–47. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2002). https://doi.org/10.1145/586110.586117
Zhu, S., Xu, S., Setia, S., Jajodia, S.: Establishing pair-wise keys for secure communication in ad hoc networks: A probabilistic approach (2003). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNP.2003.1249782
Eschenauer, L., Gligor, V.D.: A key-management scheme for distributed sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 9th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS ’02, pp. 41–47. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2002). https://doi.org/10.1145/586110.586117
Liu, D., Ning, P., Li, R.: Establishing pairwise keys in distributed sensor networks. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. Secur. 8(1), 41–77 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1145/1053283.1053287
Rivest, R.: The RC5 encryption algorithm, Dr Dobb’s J 20. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60590-8_7
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable remarks that helped us in better improving the content and presentation of the paper. Moreover, the author is grateful for the facilities provided by the DAVID Labs UPSay-UVSQ and its kind hospitality.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ari, A.A.A. et al. (2024). Toward a Lightweight Cryptographic Key Management System in IoT Sensor Networks. In: Woungang, I., Dhurandher, S.K. (eds) The 6th International Conference on Wireless, Intelligent and Distributed Environment for Communication. WIDECOM 2023. Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol 185. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47126-1_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47126-1_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-47125-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-47126-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)