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Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1386))

Abstract

Bloodstream infections (BSI) with Pseudomonas aeruginosa account for 8.5% of all BSIs, their mortality rate, at about 40%, is the highest among causative agents. For this reason and due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance to antibiotics, P. aeruginosa represents a threat to public health systems. From the primary site of infection, often the urinary and respiratory tracts, P. aeruginosa uses its arsenal of virulence factors to cross both epithelial and endothelial barriers, ultimately reaching the bloodstream. In this chapter, we review the main steps involved in invasion and migration of P. aeruginosa into blood vessels, and the molecular mechanisms governing bacterial survival in blood. We also review the lifestyle of P. aeruginosa “on” and “in” host cells. In the context of genomic and phenotypic diversity of laboratory strains and clinical isolates, we underline the need for more standardized and robust methods applied to host-pathogen interaction studies, using several representative strains from distinct phylogenetic groups before drawing general conclusions. Finally, our literature survey reveals a need for further studies to complete our comprehension of the complex interplay between P. aeruginosa and the immune system in the blood, specifically in relation to the complement system cascade(s) and the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC), which play crucial roles in counteracting P. aeruginosa BSI.

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Acknowledgments

Work in the PB&RC lab is supported by a grant from the Laboratory of Excellence GRAL, funded within the graduate school (Ecoles Universitaires de Recherche) at University Grenoble Alpes under identifier CBH-EUR-GS (ANR-17-EURE-0003), and funding awarded to I.A. by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Team FRM 2017, DEQ20170336705).

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  1. Stéphane Pont and Manon Janet-Maitre contributed equally to this work .

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université Grenoble Alpes, Institute of Structural Biology, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Team, UMR5075 CNRS, IRIG, CEA, Grenoble, France

    Stéphane Pont, Manon Janet-Maitre, Eric Faudry, François Cretin & Ina Attrée

  2. Laboratory of Pathogen-Host Interactions (LPHI), Université Montpellier, CNRS, UMR5235, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    Stéphane Pont

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  1. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, West Sussex, UK

    Alain Filloux

  2. Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain

    Juan-Luis Ramos

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Pont, S., Janet-Maitre, M., Faudry, E., Cretin, F., Attrée, I. (2022). Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia. In: Filloux, A., Ramos, JL. (eds) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1386. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_12

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