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Epithelial Mechanosensing at Cell-Cell Contacts and Tight Junctions

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Tight Junctions

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the mechanosensitive properties of epithelial tissues. Epithelia experience a range of mechanical forces arising both intrinsically from their constituent cells and extrinsically from forces such as touch or alveolar inflation. We discuss how cell-cell junctions, such as adherens junctions and tight junctions, play key roles in the mechanobiology of epithelial tissues. At these sites, forces are generated through contraction of the actomyosin cytoskeleton and transmitted between neighbouring cells and across tissues by adhesion systems within the junctions. We also consider other potential cellular mechanisms that can allow epithelia to respond to mechanical stresses: mechanosensitive ion channels which are implicated in homeostatic control of cell density via modulation of cell proliferation and live-cell extrusion and caveolae, membrane invaginations that can buffer epithelia in response to change in membrane tension.

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Acknowledgements

The authors were supported by grants and fellowships from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (GNT1164462, 1136592 to ASY; APP1156489 to RGP; GNT1140090 to ASY and RGP) and the Australian Research Council (DP19010287 to ASY).

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  1. Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    John W. Brooks, Robert G. Parton, Alpha S. Yap & Kinga Duszyc

  2. Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    Robert G. Parton

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    Lorenza González-Mariscal

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Brooks, J.W., Parton, R.G., Yap, A.S., Duszyc, K. (2022). Epithelial Mechanosensing at Cell-Cell Contacts and Tight Junctions. In: González-Mariscal, L. (eds) Tight Junctions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97204-2_3

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