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The Antimicrobial Activities of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol

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Promising Antimicrobials from Natural Products

Abstract

Several studies have reported that olive leaf extract and its constituents, particularly oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, have health benefits including antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol have significant in vitro activity against fungi including opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans. Both compounds target virulence factors essential for the establishment of C. albicans infection. Both biomolecules express wide antibacterial activity in vitro. On the bacterial model Staphylococcus aureus, different targets have been detected. Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol also interact with biofilm formation and could potentiate the activity of ampicillin. Considering the growing resistance to existing therapeutics has triggered the need for the development of new antimicrobial drugs, based on the presented results in this chapter, it seems that oleuropein and its derivative hydroxytyrosol could be considered as promising candidates for the treatment and/or prevention of candidiasis, and local infections caused by bacteria.

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Abbreviations

ATCC:

American Type Culture Collection

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

BC:

Bactericidal concentration

CSH:

Cell surface hydrophobicity

DMPG:

Dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

EUCAST:

European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

EVOO:

Extra virgin olive oil

GAE:

Gallic acid equivalent

HPLC-DAD:

High-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector

IC:

Inhibitory concentration

MFC:

Minimum fungicidal concentration

MIC:

Minimum inhibitory concentration

MRSA:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

SAP:

Secreted aspartyl proteinases

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices of Croatia (HALMED), Zagreb, Croatia

    Nataša Zorić

  2. University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute for Microbiology, Zagreb, Croatia

    Ivan Kosalec

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  1. Nataša Zorić
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  2. Ivan Kosalec
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Correspondence to Ivan Kosalec .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Department of Biotechnology, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Mahendra Rai

  2. University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute for Microbiology, Zagreb, Croatia

    Ivan Kosalec

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Zorić, N., Kosalec, I. (2022). The Antimicrobial Activities of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol. In: Rai, M., Kosalec, I. (eds) Promising Antimicrobials from Natural Products. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83504-0_5

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