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Review of Craniospinal Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Subdural Hematomas

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Subdural Hematoma

Abstract

Subdural hematoma (SDH) is a common heterogeneous pathologic entity with various manifestations that is more complex than previously thought. It includes cranial, spinal, acute, subacute, and chronic forms with sometimes a mixed combination of each type. Both young and aging populations are affected by cranial SDH. Younger patients typically experience acute traumatic SDH secondary to high-energy mechanisms of injury, while older patients are more likely to present chronic SDH generally resulting from a minor head injury with or without predisposing conditions. Cranial acute SDHs are frequently life-threatening while chronic ones have a better prognosis if correctly managed. Spinal localization is even more uncommon than intracranial forms with less than 260 reported cases in the literature to date.

Although there is a role for conservative medical management strategies, surgical decompression of SDH with or without drainage remains the most used therapy for many symptomatic cases. However, there is still some debate regarding the best strategy for treatment. A summary of cranial and spinal SDHs is given in this chapter, taking into consideration the age of hematoma and the potential association of its various forms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech, Department of Neurosurgery, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

    Ali Akhaddar

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Efeler, Aydın, Turkey

    Mehmet Turgut

  2. Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech Department of Neurosurgery, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

    Ali Akhaddar

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Walter A. Hall

  4. Department of Radiology, Yüksek İhtisas University Faculty of Medicine, Balgat, Ankara, Turkey

    Ahmet T. Turgut

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Akhaddar, A. (2021). Review of Craniospinal Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Subdural Hematomas. In: Turgut, M., Akhaddar, A., Hall, W.A., Turgut, A.T. (eds) Subdural Hematoma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79371-5_1

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