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The Role of Glycosylation in Inflammatory Diseases

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The Role of Glycosylation in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1325))

Abstract

The diversity of glycan presentation in a cell, tissue and organism is enormous, which reflects the huge amount of important biological information encoded by the glycome which has not been fully understood. A compelling body of evidence has been highlighting the fundamental role of glycans in immunity, such as in development, and in major inflammatory processes such as inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune disorders. Glycans play an instrumental role in the immune response, integrating the canonical circuits that regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. The relevance of glycosylation in immunity is demonstrated by the role of glycans as important danger-associated molecular patterns and pathogen-associated molecular patterns associated with the discrimination between self and non-self; also as important regulators of the threshold of T cell activation, modulating receptors signalling and the activity of both T and other immune cells. In addition, glycans are important determinants that regulate the dynamic crosstalk between the microbiome and immune response. In this chapter, the essential role of glycans in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory disorders will be presented and its potential clinical applications (diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics) will be highlighted.

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Author notes

  1. Inês Alves and Manuel M. Vicente contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto, Portugal

    Inês Alves, Manuel M. Vicente, Ana M. Dias, Joana Gaifem, Cláudia Rodrigues & Salomé S. Pinho

  2. Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Inês Alves & Salomé S. Pinho

  3. Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Manuel M. Vicente & Salomé S. Pinho

  4. Department of Clinical Immunology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Ana Campar

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  1. Inês Alves
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  2. Manuel M. Vicente
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  3. Ana M. Dias
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Correspondence to Inês Alves or Salomé S. Pinho .

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  1. Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Gordan Lauc

  2. Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia

    Irena Trbojević-Akmačić

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Alves, I. et al. (2021). The Role of Glycosylation in Inflammatory Diseases. In: Lauc, G., Trbojević-Akmačić, I. (eds) The Role of Glycosylation in Health and Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1325. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_13

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