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Population Pressure and Urban Sprawl in Kolkata Metropolitan Area

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Habitat, Ecology and Ekistics

Part of the book series: Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research ((AAHER))

Abstract

The pressure of increasing population becomes burden on limited civic facilities which are almost collapsing. The world has seen the advancement and growth of urban expansion at a faster rate which resulted in the increased of urban population, particularly of India’s total population, from 79 million in 1961, i.e. 17.92%, to 388 million in 2011, i.e. 31.30%. This fast rate of urban population increase is due to migration of people on a large scale from rural and smaller towns to bigger cities in search for opportunities, employments and quality of life. The selected study area, Barasat I CD Block, has been divided into eight zones at 45-degree interval where the central pixel of CBD is taken as the point of origin, and the study has been carried out during selected study period of three time spans (1990–2000, 2000–2010 and 2010–2017) based on satellite imagery data. Weight of evidence method has been employed to measure the transition probability of each zone. Shannon’s entropy and Pearson’s chi-square method have been used to evaluate the degree of sprawl and degree of freedom. The decadal growth of population for Barasat I CD Block was −4.63% in 1991–2001 and 23.75 in 2001–2011. On the other hand, the decadal growth in Barasat Municipality was 125.52% in 1991–2001 and 20.26% in 2001–2011. The result indicates a high degree of sprawl and degree of freedom. The research provides an important method to evaluate the pace and magnitude of urban sprawl.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are sincerely indebted to Aliah University for providing all kinds of facilities for doing this work. The authors would like convey their sincere thanks to the editors and reviewers of this book for their vital and detailed remarks, which helped them in the betterment of the quality of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Aliah University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Rukhsana & Md Hasnine

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  1. Rukhsana
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Aliah University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Rukhsana

  2. Department of Geography, East Calcutta Girls’ College West Bengal State University, Kolkata, India

    Anwesha Haldar

  3. Department of Geography, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Asraful Alam

  4. Department of Geography, UGC-HRDC, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Lakshminarayan Satpati

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Rukhsana, Hasnine, M. (2021). Population Pressure and Urban Sprawl in Kolkata Metropolitan Area. In: Rukhsana, Haldar, A., Alam, A., Satpati, L. (eds) Habitat, Ecology and Ekistics. Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49115-4_9

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