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Accelerated Improvement of Cole Vegetable Crops

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Accelerated Plant Breeding, Volume 2

Abstract

Cole vegetables are important sources of dietary minerals and health benefiting substances including glucosinolates. They have been distributed across the world and contribute around 9.25% of total world vegetable production. Advances have been made in exploration and utilization of wild relatives of Brassica vegetables for breeding high-yielding hybrids and resistant genetic stocks to biotic and abiotic stresses and for introgression of quality traits. Conventional approach of breeding helped in development of various open-pollinated varieties (OPV) with wider adaptation. However, innovative approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, TILLING and EcoTILLING, single SNPs discovery and next-generation sequencing, genome-wide studies, association mapping, marker-assisted breeding and QTLs mapping and introgression and genomic selection have shown promise in breeding for complex traits. The genomics provides breeders with a new set of tools and techniques facilitating study of genotype of complex traits and their relationship with phenotype (Tester and Langridge, Science 327:818–822, 2010). Introgression of Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in Cole vegetables from Japanese wild radish and its refinement by somatic hybridization for low-temperature-related leaf chlorosis revolutionized the hybrid breeding in Cole vegetables which was further strengthened by diversifying the CMS system from alien Brassicas. Now, molecular tools are available for detection of CMS types and also tracking any change in genomic composition for assuring stability of the sterile cytoplasm. The molecular breeding and doubled haploid technique hastened the speed of targeted breeding programmes. Development of Pusa KesariVitA-1 of cauliflower for rich beta-carotene content in India and Beneforte® of broccoli rich in health beneficial glucosinolates through use of molecular markers could push the Cole vegetable breeding to tailoring varieties/hybrids to meet the criteria of ‘super foods’. Innovation in genome editing, i.e. CRISPR/Cas, and its successful use in cabbage facilitate its use in editing of genes responsible for economic traits in other Cole vegetables. Over the years, adequate information on genomic resources in Brassica vegetables have been generated particularly for disease resistance, quality traits and abiotic stress tolerance traits. This article highlights the updated information along with significant achievements in Brassica vegetable breeding on diverse breeding aspects.

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  1. Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Pritam Kalia & Shrawan Singh

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  1. Pritam Kalia
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  1. Former Director of Research, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Satbir Singh Gosal

  2. Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Shabir Hussain Wani

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Kalia, P., Singh, S. (2020). Accelerated Improvement of Cole Vegetable Crops. In: Gosal, S., Wani, S. (eds) Accelerated Plant Breeding, Volume 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47298-6_5

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