Abstract
Hearing loss is both genetically and clinically heterogeneous, and pathogenic variants of over a hundred different genes are associated with this common neurosensory disorder. A relatively large number of these “deafness genes” encode myosin super family members. The evidence that pathogenic variants of human MYO3A, MYO6, MYO7A, MYO15A, MYH14 and MYH9 are associated with deafness ranges from moderate to definitive. Additional evidence for the involvement of these six myosins for normal hearing also comes from animal models, usually mouse or zebra fish, where mutations of these genes cause hearing loss and from biochemical, physiological and cell biological studies of their roles in the inner ear. This chapter focuses on these six genes for which evidence of a causative role in deafness is substantial.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported (in part) by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders to T.B.F and by R01DC014658, R01DC012564, and S10OD025130 grants to G.I.F. We thank Dr. Mhamed Grati for his critique of this chapter.
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Friedman, T.B., Belyantseva, I.A., Frolenkov, G.I. (2020). Myosins and Hearing. In: Coluccio, L. (eds) Myosins. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1239. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38062-5_13
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