Abstract
As we know, Newton-Raphson method cannot find optimum operating points of radial and meshed distribution systems due to high R/X ratio of feeders. To solve this problem, backward-forward sweep (BFS) load flow algorithm is presented by scholars. This chapter aims to present MATLAB codes of BFS power flow method in a benchmark distribution grid. Feeder capacity and voltage magnitude limit are considered in finding a good operating point for test grid. Input data such as bus and line information matrices are presented in MATLAB codes. Simulations are conducted on IEEE-33 bus radial distribution system. Feeder current, bus voltage magnitude, active and reactive power flowing in or out of buses, total real power losses system are found as outputs of BFS load flow approach.
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Abbreviations
- \( \dot{J}_{i}^{k + 1} \) :
-
Injected current to node i in (k + 1)th iteration
- \( \dot{V}^{{^{\left( K \right)} }} \) :
-
Voltage of node i in kth iteration
- \( \dot{S} \) :
-
Power injected to node i
- \( \dot{Y} \) :
-
Parallel admittance of node i
- \( \dot{I}_{i}^{k + 1} \) :
-
Current of branch i in (k + 1)th iteration
- \( \dot{I}_{j}^{k + 1} \) :
-
Current of branch j in (k + 1)th iteration
- \( Z_{j} \) :
-
Impedance of branch j
- \( \dot{V}_{j}^{{k + 1}} \) :
-
Voltage of bus i in (k + 1)th iteration
- \( \dot{V}_{j}^{{k + 1}} \) :
-
Voltage of bus j in (k + 1)th iteration
- \( F_{loss} \) :
-
Total real power losses as objective function
- \( g_{i,j} \) :
-
Conductance of branch i to j
- \( V_{i} \) :
-
Voltage magnitude of bus i
- \( V_{j} \) :
-
Voltage magnitude of bus j
- \( \theta_{i} \) :
-
Voltage angle of bus i
- \( \theta_{j} \) :
-
Voltage angle of bus j
- \( n_{l} \) :
-
Total number of branches
- \( I_{b} \) :
-
Current of branch b
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Jabari, F., Sohrabi, F., Pourghasem, P., Mohammadi-Ivatloo, B. (2020). Backward-Forward Sweep Based Power Flow Algorithm in Distribution Systems. In: Pesaran Hajiabbas, M., Mohammadi-Ivatloo, B. (eds) Optimization of Power System Problems . Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 262. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34050-6_14
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