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Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass Waste-Based Biochar for Environment Remediation

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Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications

Abstract

Huge quantity and a wide spectrum of agriculture wastes are generated as a result of various agriculture operations. These wastes include crop residues, manures from farms and poultry houses, fertilizers, and pesticides that either run off or infiltrate to pollute water and soil. There are mainly three main processes of biomass conversion technology, i.e., biochemical, thermochemical, and physicochemical, that convert biomass-based waste for further resource recovery. Biochar is a black carbonaceous product prepared by thermochemical conversion of biomass-based waste including crop residues and animal manures. It is a multi-functional product with distinct structural, physicochemical, and biological properties which are function of parent feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. Different types of biochar have been successfully investigated for their role in agronomic benefits as well as for environmental remediation. Biochar has multi-dimensional properties such as porous structure, large surface area, aromatic structure, presence of functional groups (mainly C=O containing groups that further enhance adsorption properties), and mineral components which facilitate broad-spectrum application of biochar. Some of the applications of biochar include soil carbon sequestration, soil amendment, and pollutant removal from aqueous and soil medium. The present chapter focuses on different biomass conversion technologies, use of biochar as an adsorbent, its mechanism for wastewater remediation and highlights the ongoing state-of-the-art research and development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Sudipta Ramola & Rajeev Kumar Srivastava

  2. Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

    Tarun Belwal

Authors
  1. Sudipta Ramola
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  2. Tarun Belwal
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  3. Rajeev Kumar Srivastava
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Correspondence to Sudipta Ramola .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico

    Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova

  2. Instituto de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Leticia Myriam Torres Martínez

  3. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico

    Boris Ildusovich Kharisov

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Ramola, S., Belwal, T., Srivastava, R.K. (2020). Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass Waste-Based Biochar for Environment Remediation. In: Kharissova, O., Martínez, L., Kharisov, B. (eds) Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11155-7_122-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11155-7_122-2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11155-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-11155-7

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Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass Waste-Based Biochar for Environment Remediation
    Published:
    08 August 2020

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11155-7_122-2

  2. Original

    Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass Waste-Based Biochar for Environment Remediation
    Published:
    24 June 2020

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11155-7_122-1

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