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Embryo Culture and Epigenetics

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Embryo Culture

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 912))

Abstract

During preimplantation development, major epigenetic reprogramming occurs, erasing gametic modifications, and establishing embryonic epigenetic modifications. Given the plasticity of these modifications, they are susceptible to disruption by assisted reproductive technologies, including embryo culture. The current state of evidence is presented for the effects of embryo culture on global DNA methylation and histone modifications, retroviral silencing, X-inactivation, and genomic imprinting. Several salient points emerge from the literature; that culture in the absence of other procedures can lead to epigenetic perturbations; that all media are suboptimal; and that embryo response to in vitro culture is stochastic. We propose that embryos adapt to the suboptimal environment generated by embryo culture, including epigenetic adaptations, and that “quiet” embryos may be the least epigenetically compromised by in vitro culture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Biochemistry, Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

    Brenna A. Market Velker, Michelle M. Denomme & Mellissa R. W. Mann

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  1. Brenna A. Market Velker
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  2. Michelle M. Denomme
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  3. Mellissa R. W. Mann
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Correspondence to Mellissa R. W. Mann .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , OB/GYN, University of Michigan, E. Catherine Street 1137, Ann Arbor, 48109-5622, Michigan, USA

    Gary D. Smith

  2. , Center for Reproductive Medicine, University of Michigan, Market Street 475, Ann Arbor, 48108, Michigan, USA

    Jason E. Swain

  3. Fertility Center of San Antonio, Medical Drive 4499, San Antonio, 78229, Texas, USA

    Thomas B. Pool

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Velker, B.A.M., Denomme, M.M., Mann, M.R.W. (2012). Embryo Culture and Epigenetics. In: Smith, G., Swain, J., Pool, T. (eds) Embryo Culture. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 912. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-971-6_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-971-6_23

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