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Host Cells and Cell Banking

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Viral Vectors for Gene Therapy

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 737))

Abstract

Gene therapy based on the use of viral vectors is entirely dependent on the use of animal cell lines, mainly of mammalian origin, but also of insect origin. As for any biotechnology product for clinical use, viral ­vectors have to be produced with cells derived from an extensively characterized cell bank to maintain the appropriate standard for assuring the lowest risk for the patients to be treated. Although many different cell types and lines have been used for the production of viral vectors, HEK293 cells or their derivatives have been extensively used for production of different vector types: adenovirus, oncorectrovirus, lentivirus, and AAV vectors, because of their easy handling and the possibility to grow them adherently in serum-containing medium as well as in suspension in serum-free culture medium. Despite this, these cells are not necessarily the best for the production of a given viral vector, and there are many other cell lines with significant advantages including superior growth and/or production characteristics, which have been tested and also used for the production of clinical vector batches. This chapter presents basic ­considerations concerning the characterization of cell banks, in the first part, and, in the second part, practically all cell lines (at least when public information was available) established and developed for the production of the most important viral vectors (adenoviral, oncoretroviral, lentiviral, AAV, baculovirus).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Généthon, Evry, France

    Otto-Wilhelm Merten

Authors
  1. Glyn N. Stacey
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Correspondence to Otto-Wilhelm Merten .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Généthon, rue de l'Internationale 1, Évry CX 2, 91002, France

    Otto-Wilhelm Merten

  2. Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland

    Mohamed Al-Rubeai

Glossary

Ad

Adenovirus

AAV

Adeno-associated virus

ATCC

American Type Culture Collection

BHK

Baby hamster kidney (cell line)

CBER

Centers for Biologics Evaluation and Research

CMV

Cytomegalovirus

Cox 1

Cytochrome oxidase 1

CuO

Cumate operator

DMEM

Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium

DMSO

Dimethylsulphoxide

DRP

DNAse-resistant particles

DSMZ

Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen: (German Resource Centre for Biological Material)

E1, E4

Early genes of adenovirus

EBV

Epstein-Barr virus

ECACC

European Collection of Cell Cultures

EMEA (EMA)

European Medicine Agency

FBS

Fetal bovine serum

FCS

Fetal calf serum

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

G418

Geneticin

GaLV

Gibbon Ape leukemia Virus

GCCP

Good cell culture practice

GFP

Green fluorescent protein

GOI

Gene of interest

GP

Gag-pol

HAT

Hypoxanthine–Aminopterin–Thymidine

HBV

Hepatitis B virus

HCV

Hepatitis C virus

HEK

Human embryonic kidney (cell line)

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus

hGPK

Human phosphoglycerate kinase promoter

HSV

Herpes simplex virus

ICH

International Conference on Harmonisation

ICLC

Interlab Cell Line Collection

IP

Infectious particle

IRES

Internal ribosomal entry sites

ITR

Inverted terminal repeat

JCRB

Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources

LV

Lentivirus/lentiviral

LTR

Long terminal repeat

MCB

Master cell bank

MLV

Murine leukemia virus

MoLV

Molony leukemia virus

MOI

Multiplicity of infection

MpF

Mustela putoris furo (ferret)

MSCV

Murine Stem Cell Virus

NIH

National Institutes of Health

ORF

Open reading frame

P

Passage or promoter

PCR

Polymerase chain reaction

RCA

Replication-competent adenovirus

RCAAV

Replication-competent adeno-associated virus

RCL

Replication-competent lentivirus

RCR

Replication-competent retrovirus

rtTa2S-m2

Reverse transactivator (rtTA2S-M2) of the tetracycline (Tet)

SFM

Serum-free medium

SIN

Self-inactivating (vector)

SV

Simian virus

TetR

Tetracyclin resistance

TK

Thymidine kinase

TNCL

Tn5 cell line

TU

Transducing unit

VSV

Vesicular stomatitis virus

Vg/vg

Vector genome

WCB

Working cell bank

Wt/WT

Wild type

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Stacey, G.N., Merten, OW. (2011). Host Cells and Cell Banking. In: Merten, OW., Al-Rubeai, M. (eds) Viral Vectors for Gene Therapy. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 737. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-095-9_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-095-9_3

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-094-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-095-9

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