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The Evolution of Concepts of Opioid Receptors

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The Opiate Receptors

Part of the book series: The Receptors ((REC))

Abstract

The early evolution of concepts of endogenous opioids and multiple opioid receptors had its inception in a concerted program to develop safe, nonaddicting substitutes for opiates (see Eddy, 1973). This endeavor was initiated by the Bureau of Social Hygiene and subsequently supported by the United States Public Health Service under the auspices of the National Research Council. An empiric approach was taken in which a large number of chemicals, synthesized by University-based chemists and the pharmaceutical industry, were examined for their pharmacologic effects, particularly their analgesic activity and their abuse potential. Although heroin and morphine addiction were the initial driving force of this endeavor, the economic gains associated with the marketing of a less-addicting analgesic became the most important factor of the pharmaceutical industries large synthetic effort. From a societal perspective, however, the economics of drug abuse is by far the most important economic factor, since drug abuse costs the United States well over $100 billion dollars a year. The search for safer and less-abusable analgesics has not been entirely successful. The evolution of ideas concerning multiple opioid receptors and endogenous opioid transmitters is still active.

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Authors
  1. W. R. Martin
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Gavril W. Pasternak

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© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Martin, W.R. (1988). The Evolution of Concepts of Opioid Receptors. In: Pasternak, G.W. (eds) The Opiate Receptors. The Receptors. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-990-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-990-1_1

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-6768-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-60761-990-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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